Mutaf M, Tasaki Y, Tanaka K, Fujii T
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Nagasaki University, School of Medicine, Japan.
Ann Plast Surg. 1995 Oct;35(4):402-8. doi: 10.1097/00000637-199510000-00012.
The rat saphenous flap is described as a new experimental model for free flap studies. This is a fasciocutaneous free flap based on the saphenofemoral vascular pedicle. The flap may include the entire medial aspect of the lower leg between the knee and ankle. Thirty flaps were harvested from 15 inbred rats. Each flap was transferred to the anterior neck of a recipient rat of the same inbred strain so that 15 flaps were vascularized free flaps using the standard end-to-end microvascular technique and the other 15 flaps were nonvascularized free grafts. All but two (technical failure) of the vascularized flaps showed complete survival, whereas all nonvascularized flaps completely necrosed 2 weeks after transfer. It was concluded that the rat saphenous flap has several advantages such as a long and consistent vascular pedicle, ease of harvest, and an all-or-none survival pattern. Furthermore, as a unique feature of this flap, histological analysis revealed that the rat saphenous flap is composed of the skin and underlying fascia without panniculus carnosus. We therefore suggest that the rat saphenous flap is the first true fasciocutaneous free flap model in the rat. In this paper, in addition to illustrating the anatomy of the saphenous vessels and describing a new fasciocutaneous free flap model based on these vessels, we have documented some anatomical details of the rat leg that have never been described in the literature related to the rat anatomy.
大鼠隐静脉皮瓣被描述为一种用于游离皮瓣研究的新实验模型。这是一种基于隐股血管蒂的筋膜皮瓣游离皮瓣。该皮瓣可包括膝关节和踝关节之间小腿的整个内侧部分。从15只近交系大鼠身上切取了30个皮瓣。每个皮瓣被转移到同一近交系受体大鼠的前颈部，因此15个皮瓣采用标准的端端微血管技术成为血管化游离皮瓣，另外15个皮瓣为非血管化游离移植皮瓣。除两个（技术失败）血管化皮瓣外，所有血管化皮瓣均完全存活，而所有非血管化皮瓣在转移后2周完全坏死。得出的结论是，大鼠隐静脉皮瓣具有几个优点，如血管蒂长且一致、易于切取以及全或无的存活模式。此外，作为该皮瓣的一个独特特征，组织学分析显示大鼠隐静脉皮瓣由皮肤和下面的筋膜组成，没有肉膜。因此，我们认为大鼠隐静脉皮瓣是大鼠中的第一个真正的筋膜皮瓣游离皮瓣模型。在本文中，除了阐述隐静脉的解剖结构并描述基于这些血管的一种新的筋膜皮瓣游离皮瓣模型外，我们还记录了大鼠腿部的一些解剖学细节，这些细节在与大鼠解剖学相关的文献中从未被描述过。
