Morrey J D, Bourn S M, Morris J L, Bunch T D, Sidwell R W
Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan 84322-4700, USA.
Intervirology. 1994;37(6):315-20. doi: 10.1159/000150395.
Mechanical wounding was shown to activate the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR) in the skin of transgenic mice. Both noninvasive rubbing and scratching of the skin resulted in a range of 4- to 44-fold increased levels of luciferase reporter gene activities when assayed 24-48 h after wounding. Moreover, long-term noninvasive rubbing each day for 17 days resulted in similar increased levels of luciferase activity. Experiments were done to determine whether the HIV-1 LTR-luciferase transgene might be activated when pups were nursed on the mammary tissues of transgenic mice. Luciferase reporter gene activity in mammary glands skin following nursing was significantly higher than in skin from non-pregnant transgenic mice or transgenic mice 20 days post-conception, which suggests that the natural abrasive action of nursing resulted in activation of the LTR. These results may have implications for sexual transmission and maternal-to-infant transmission of HIV-1.
机械性损伤被证明可激活转基因小鼠皮肤中的人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）长末端重复序列（LTR）。在皮肤进行无创摩擦和抓挠后，于损伤后24 - 48小时进行检测，荧光素酶报告基因活性水平提高了4至44倍。此外，每天进行17天的长期无创摩擦也导致荧光素酶活性出现类似的增加。开展实验以确定当幼崽在转基因小鼠的乳腺组织上哺乳时，HIV-1 LTR-荧光素酶转基因是否会被激活。哺乳后乳腺皮肤中的荧光素酶报告基因活性显著高于未怀孕转基因小鼠或怀孕20天的转基因小鼠的皮肤，这表明哺乳的自然摩擦作用导致了LTR的激活。这些结果可能对HIV-1的性传播和母婴传播具有启示意义。
