Loewenthal K, Goldblatt V, Gorton T, Lubitsch G, Bicknell H, Fellowes D, Sowden A
Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London.
Psychol Med. 1995 Sep;25(5):1051-63. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700037545.
This study found similar prevalence of case depression among men as among women in a sample of 339 Jews affiliated to orthodox synagogues (157 men and 182 women). There were significant gender differences in several social-situational factors and symptoms, mostly in the direction that would suggest that case depression would be higher among women than among men. That this was not so is suggested to be the result of the cultural milieu: social factors that have been found to be associated with depression in other groups of people did not function as risk or vulnerability factors among the Jews studied. In particular, the evidence indicates the importance of specific cultural-religious values in contributing towards the prevalences that were observed. These values included the esteem attached to women's central role in family management and the low use of alcohol and suicide as escape routes from depression.
在一个由339名隶属于东正教犹太教堂的犹太人组成的样本（157名男性和182名女性）中，该研究发现男性和女性中抑郁症病例的患病率相似。在几个社会情境因素和症状方面存在显著的性别差异，大多数差异表明女性中的抑郁症病例会高于男性。但实际并非如此，这被认为是文化环境的结果：在其他人群中发现与抑郁症相关的社会因素在被研究的犹太人中并未起到风险或易感性因素的作用。特别是，有证据表明特定的文化宗教价值观对所观察到的患病率有重要影响。这些价值观包括对女性在家庭管理中核心角色的尊重，以及较少将酗酒和自杀作为摆脱抑郁症的途径。
