Byrne Michelle L, O'Brien-Simpson Neil M, Mitchell Sarah A, Allen Nicholas B
Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
Melbourne Dental School, Oral Health CRC, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC, 3010, Australia.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2015 Dec;46(6):839-50. doi: 10.1007/s10578-014-0524-9.
Depression often has its first onset during adolescence and is associated with obesity. Furthermore, inflammatory processes have been implicated in both depression and obesity, although research amongst adolescents is limited. This review explores associations between depression and obesity, depression and inflammation, and obesity and inflammation from a developmental perspective. The temporal relations between these factors are examined to explore whether obesity and elevated inflammation act as either risk factors for, or outcomes of, adolescent-onset depression. Sex differences in these processes are also summarized. We propose a model whereby increases in sex hormones during puberty increase risk for depression for females, which can lead to obesity, which in turn increases levels of inflammation. Importantly, this model suggests that inflammation and obesity are outcomes of adolescent depression, rather than initial contributing causes. Further research on biological and psychosocial effects of sex hormones is needed, as is longitudinal research with children and adolescents.
抑郁症通常在青春期首次发病，且与肥胖有关。此外，炎症过程在抑郁症和肥胖症中都有涉及，尽管针对青少年的研究有限。本综述从发育角度探讨抑郁症与肥胖症、抑郁症与炎症以及肥胖症与炎症之间的关联。研究这些因素之间的时间关系，以探究肥胖和炎症加剧是否是青少年期抑郁症的危险因素或结果。还总结了这些过程中的性别差异。我们提出一个模型，即青春期性激素增加会增加女性患抑郁症的风险，这可能导致肥胖，进而增加炎症水平。重要的是，该模型表明炎症和肥胖是青少年抑郁症的结果，而非最初的致病原因。需要进一步研究性激素的生物学和心理社会影响，对儿童和青少年进行纵向研究也是如此。
