Rupoli S, Battelli N, Del Prete S, Salvi A, Cinciripini A, Scortechini A R, Cantori I, Barulli S, Leoni P
Clinica di Ematologia, Ospedale Regionale, Torrette di Ancona.
Recenti Prog Med. 1995 Dec;86(12):510-7.
Granulocyte colony stimulating factors (G-CSF) has a wide spectrum of action: it stimulates proliferation and differentiation of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors, it promotes the chemotactic activity of monocytes and granulocytes and it develops the antibody-dependent cytotoxicity of neutrophils. In vivo G-CSF induces leucocytosis and it hastens the granulocyte recovery after chemio-radiotherapy. So it has been used in many pathologies: aplastic anaemia, AIDS in treatment with antiviral drugs, myelodysplastic syndromes, acute leukemias and solid tumors. If G-CSF is administered after chemotherapy, both in acute leukemias and in solid tumors, it reduces the duration of neutropenia and the number of febrile episodes so that it is possible to give the whole therapy at the planned dosage with no delay. However G-CSF does not modify the incidence of complete remissions and the overall survival. G-CSF allowed the increase of dose-intensity in chemoresistent neoplasms even if this therapy is always complicated by a heavy extrahaematological toxicity. Moreover G-CSF shortens the total duration of neutropenia after autologous or allogenic bone marrow and peripheral stem cell transplantation even if the appearance of the first neutrophil is not accelerated.
粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）具有广泛的作用：它刺激粒细胞-巨噬细胞祖细胞的增殖和分化，促进单核细胞和粒细胞的趋化活性，并增强中性粒细胞的抗体依赖性细胞毒性。在体内，G-CSF可诱导白细胞增多，并加速放化疗后的粒细胞恢复。因此，它已被用于多种病症：再生障碍性贫血、接受抗病毒药物治疗的艾滋病、骨髓增生异常综合征、急性白血病和实体瘤。在急性白血病和实体瘤的化疗后使用G-CSF，可缩短中性粒细胞减少的持续时间和发热发作的次数，从而有可能按计划剂量毫无延迟地给予整个疗程的治疗。然而，G-CSF并不会改变完全缓解的发生率和总生存期。即使这种治疗总是伴有严重的血液学外毒性，G-CSF仍能提高化疗耐药性肿瘤的剂量强度。此外，G-CSF可缩短自体或异体骨髓及外周干细胞移植后中性粒细胞减少的总持续时间，即使首次出现中性粒细胞的时间并未加快。
