Schilder A G, Zielhuis G A, Haggard M P, van den Broek P
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Am J Otol. 1995 May;16(3):365-72.
A cohort of 946 children who were screened for otitis media with effusion (OME) by serial tympanometry from the age of 2 to 4 years was followed up by otomicroscopy at 7.5 to 8 years of age. At school age, signs of active middle ear disease were present in 2.2% of ears that had been free from OME at preschool age, whereas 12.7% of ears that had suffered from persistent OME and 17.8% of ears that had been treated by a ventilation tube showed signs of active middle ear disease. Otopathologic sequelae (atrophy, tympanosclerosis, atelectasis, and attic retraction) were present in 13.7%, 39.8%, and 87.3% of these ears, respectively. A duration-response effect was found in the association between preschool OME and these sequelae at school age. The high prevalence of otoscopic abnormalities found in this population calls for further follow-up and evaluation of their functional implications.
对946名2至4岁通过系列鼓室图筛查出中耳积液（OME）的儿童进行队列研究，在其7.5至8岁时通过耳显微镜检查进行随访。在学龄期，学龄前无OME的耳朵中有2.2%出现了活动性中耳疾病的迹象，而患有持续性OME的耳朵中有12.7%以及接受过通气管治疗的耳朵中有17.8%出现了活动性中耳疾病的迹象。这些耳朵中分别有13.7%、39.8%和87.3%存在耳病理后遗症（萎缩、鼓室硬化、肺不张和上鼓室回缩）。在学龄前OME与学龄期这些后遗症之间的关联中发现了持续时间-反应效应。该人群中耳镜检查异常的高患病率需要进一步随访并评估其功能影响。
