Muth E R, Jokerst M, Stern R M, Koch K L
Department of Psychology, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1995 Nov;66(11):1041-5.
Previous research in our laboratory has shown that symptoms of motion sickness are accompanied by the loss of normal 3 cpm activity and the development of tachyarrhythmia in the electrogastrogram (EGG).
We hypothesized that dimenhydrinate would prevent the development of gastric tachyarrhythmia and reduce symptoms of motion sickness.
Twenty health volunteers were tested in a counter-balanced, within-subject, double-blind design. Subjects were exposed to a rotating optokinetic drum to induce vection after receiving either dimenhydrinate (100 mg) or a placebo on two separate occasions. EGG's were recorded immediately before ingestion of capsules, 1 h after ingestion, and during rotation. Motion sickness symptom reports (SSMS) were obtained prior to and during rotation.
The average SSMS score was 5.9 points higher after placebo administration than after dimenhydrinate administration (t[19] = 4.87, P < 0.001). Significantly more subjects requested early termination of the rotating drum due to severe symptoms after placebo administration than after dimenhydrinate administration (McNemar's chi 2[1] = 6.00, p < 0.05). Drowsiness reports were significantly higher after dimenhydrinate administration than after placebo administration (t[19] = 2.65, p < 0.05). Analysis of EGG's showed a significant decrease in normal 3 cpm and tachyarrhythmic activity after dimenhydrinate, but no change after placebo (SR[19] = 53, p < 0.02 and SR[19] = 68, p < 0.01 respectively). During drum rotation gastric tachyarrhythmias increased significantly in the placebo condition (SR[18] = -0.61.5, p < 0.01), but not in the dimenhydrinate condition. EGG's were not significantly different between conditions.
We conclude that dimenhydrinate reduced motion sickness symptoms at least in part by depressing central nervous system activity and possibly by suppressing abnormal gastric myoelectric activity.
我们实验室之前的研究表明，晕动病症状伴随着正常的每分钟3次的活动丧失以及胃电图（EGG）中快速心律失常的出现。
我们假设茶苯海明可以预防胃快速心律失常的发生并减轻晕动病症状。
20名健康志愿者采用平衡、自身对照、双盲设计进行测试。在两个不同的时间段，受试者分别服用茶苯海明（100毫克）或安慰剂后，暴露于旋转的视动鼓以诱发运动错觉。在摄入胶囊前、摄入后1小时以及旋转期间记录胃电图。在旋转前和旋转期间获取晕动病症状报告（SSMS）。
服用安慰剂后的平均SSMS评分比服用茶苯海明后高5.9分（t[19]=4.87，P<0.001）。与服用茶苯海明后相比，服用安慰剂后因严重症状而要求提前终止旋转鼓试验的受试者明显更多（McNemar卡方检验[1]=6.00，p<0.05）。服用茶苯海明后的嗜睡报告明显高于服用安慰剂后（t[19]=2.65，p<0.05）。胃电图分析显示，服用茶苯海明后正常的每分钟3次的活动和快速心律失常活动显著降低，但服用安慰剂后无变化（分别为SR[19]=53，p<0.02和SR[19]=68，p<0.01）。在鼓旋转期间，安慰剂组的胃快速心律失常显著增加（SR[18]=-0.61.5，p<0.01），而茶苯海明组则没有。不同组之间的胃电图没有显著差异。
我们得出结论，茶苯海明至少部分通过抑制中枢神经系统活动并可能通过抑制异常的胃肌电活动来减轻晕动病症状。
