T细胞共刺激途径：免疫抑制和诱导耐受的有前景的新靶点。

T cell costimulatory pathways: promising novel targets for immunosuppression and tolerance induction.

作者信息

Sayegh M H, Turka L A

出版信息

J Am Soc Nephrol. 1995 Oct;6(4):1143-50. doi: 10.1681/ASN.V641143.

Abstract

It is now accepted that T cells need two signals for full activation. The first is the foreign antigen itself presented by self-major histocompatibility complex and thus provides antigen specificity to the immune response. The second is a "costimulatory" signal, the best-characterized of which is provided through the T cell accessory molecule CD28. In vitro, the blockade of costimulatory signals inhibits T cell activation and induces a state of antigen-specific unresponsiveness. In vivo, agents that block CD28-mediated costimulation have proved extremely effective in inhibiting the immune response in experimental models of transplantation and autoimmune disease, providing novel strategies for use in clinical trials in the near future.

摘要

现在人们已经认识到，T细胞需要两个信号才能完全激活。第一个信号是由自身主要组织相容性复合体呈递的外来抗原本身，从而为免疫反应提供抗原特异性。第二个信号是“共刺激”信号，其中最具特征的是通过T细胞辅助分子CD28提供的信号。在体外，共刺激信号的阻断会抑制T细胞激活，并诱导抗原特异性无反应状态。在体内，阻断CD28介导的共刺激的药物已被证明在移植和自身免疫性疾病的实验模型中抑制免疫反应极为有效，为在不久的将来用于临床试验提供了新策略。