Chico A, de Llobet J, Corcoy R, Cuatrecases M, Dourado M, Illa I
Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, UAB, Barcelona.
Rev Neurol. 1995 May-Jun;23(121):679-81.
Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a systemic necrotising vasculitis which affects middle calibre arteries and which has a tendency to form aneurysms. It may appear as one of a great variety of clinical forms depending on the vascular territory afflicted. Almost any organ may be involved although the lung is usually unaffected. Neurological manifestations are very frequent in this disease (global incidence being around 80%), especially at the peripheral nervous system level. Multiple mononeuritis is the most usual manifestation classically associated with this type of vasculitis, but it may also appear as distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy, this being its most infrequent form of presentation. The presence of nerve conduction blocks has also been recently described, usually associated with demyelinating processes. However peripheral nerve affectation in vasculitis has its origins in small ischaemic infarcts in the sensorimotor conduction fibres. It may well be that segmentary demyelination and axonal degeneration reflect different levels of ischaemic damage.
结节性多动脉炎（PAN）是一种系统性坏死性血管炎，累及中等管径动脉，并有形成动脉瘤的倾向。根据受累血管区域的不同，它可能表现为多种临床形式之一。几乎任何器官都可能受累，不过肺部通常不受影响。神经系统表现在这种疾病中非常常见（总体发生率约为80%），尤其是在周围神经系统层面。多发性单神经炎是经典地与这种血管炎相关的最常见表现，但也可能表现为远端感觉运动性多发性神经病，这是其最不常见的表现形式。最近也有关于神经传导阻滞的报道，通常与脱髓鞘过程相关。然而，血管炎中周围神经受累起源于感觉运动传导纤维的小缺血性梗死。节段性脱髓鞘和轴索变性很可能反映了不同程度的缺血损伤。
