Magis-Rodríguez C, del Río-Zolezzi A, Valdespino-Gómez J L, García-García M de L
Instituto Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (INDRE), México.
Salud Publica Mex. 1995 Nov-Dec;37(6):615-23.
The objective of this paper is to describe the AIDS epidemic in rural areas of Mexico. Information from the National AIDS Registry and the 1990 XI National Census was used. Rural AIDS cases and urban cases were compared regarding notification time, sex, risk categories and migration information. Of the 19,090 AIDS cases reported to the first of July 1994, 699 (3.7%) were rural cases. The first five of these cases were reported in 1986, three years after the first cases had been reported in Mexico. The number of AIDS cases has been growing each year but in 1991. Cases have been reported by all Mexican states. The state with the highest prevalence was Nayarit with 102 cases per million inhabitants, followed by Morelos with 99, Jalisco with 90, and Colima and Tlaxcala with 84. A total of 25% of the rural cases are migrants who have been to the US, against 6.1% of cases from urban areas. The distribution by sex shows 21.3% of women affected against 14.4% of urban cases (p < 0.05). The rural female to male ratio is 1:4, while the urban ratio is 1:6. The prevalence rates are almost three times greater in men than in women. The rural AIDS pattern represents a problem not because of the number of people affected but because of the heterosexual way of transmission. We do not think that migration to the US is going to change. The rural AIDS epidemic is more recent and growing faster than that occurring in the urban setting.
本文的目的是描述墨西哥农村地区的艾滋病疫情。使用了来自国家艾滋病登记处和1990年第十一次全国人口普查的信息。对农村艾滋病病例和城市病例在报告时间、性别、风险类别和移民信息方面进行了比较。在截至1994年7月1日报告的19090例艾滋病病例中，699例（3.7%）为农村病例。其中前5例于1986年报告，此时距离墨西哥首次报告病例已过去三年。艾滋病病例数每年都在增加，但在1991年。墨西哥所有州均有病例报告。患病率最高的州是纳亚里特，每百万居民中有102例，其次是莫雷洛斯，为99例，哈利斯科为90例，科利马和特拉斯卡拉为84例。农村病例中共有25%是去过美国的移民，而城市地区病例的这一比例为6.1%。按性别分布显示，受影响的女性占21.3%，而城市病例中这一比例为14.4%（p<0.05）。农村地区女性与男性的比例为1:4，而城市地区为1:6。男性的患病率几乎是女性的三倍。农村艾滋病模式成为一个问题，并非因为受影响的人数，而是因为异性传播方式。我们认为向美国的移民情况不会改变。农村艾滋病疫情比城市地区出现得晚，但增长速度更快。
