Nomanbhoy T K, Leonard D A, Manor D, Cerione R A
Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
Biochemistry. 1996 Apr 9;35(14):4602-8. doi: 10.1021/bi951743d.
The overall goal of these studies was to examine the applicability of extrinsic reporter group fluorescence in monitoring the GTP-binding/GTPase cycle of a Ras-like GTP-binding protein. Toward this end, we have labeled the GTP-binding protein Cdc42Hs with the environmentally sensitive fluorophore succinimidyl 6-[(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino]hexanoate (sNBD) at a single reactive lysine residue. We find that the sNBD-labeled Cdc42Hs undergoes a fluorescence enhancement at 545 nm when Cdc42Hs exchanges bound GDP for GTP. This enhancement is then fully reversed upon GTP hydrolysis. The specific GTPase-activating protein for Cdc42Hs, the Cdc42Hs-GAP, strongly stimulates the rate of reversal of the fluorescence enhancement at 545 nm, consistent with its ability to fully catalyze the GTPase reaction of Cdc42Hs. Conversely, the specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), Cdc24, strongly stimulates the fluorescence enhancement that accompanies GTP binding, consistent with its ability to stimulate the GDP-GTP exchange reaction on Cdc42Hs. Resonance energy transfer measurements yielded a distance of approximately 32 A for the sNBD moiety and the guanine nucleotide binding site occupied with either N-methylanthraniloyl- (Mant) dGDP or MantdGTP. Taken together, these results identify a conformationally sensitive reporter site on the Cdc42Hs molecule that is located some distance away from the guanine nucleotide binding site but nonetheless provides a highly sensitive monitor for GTP-binding, GTPase activity, and the interactions of key regulatory proteins.
这些研究的总体目标是检验外在报告基团荧光在监测类Ras GTP结合蛋白的GTP结合/GTP酶循环中的适用性。为此,我们已在单个反应性赖氨酸残基处用环境敏感荧光团琥珀酰亚胺基6-[(7-硝基苯并-2-恶唑-1,3-二氮杂环丁烷-4-基)氨基]己酸酯(sNBD)标记GTP结合蛋白Cdc42Hs。我们发现,当Cdc42Hs将结合的GDP交换为GTP时,sNBD标记的Cdc42Hs在545nm处荧光增强。然后,这种增强在GTP水解时完全逆转。Cdc42Hs的特异性GTP酶激活蛋白Cdc42Hs-GAP强烈刺激545nm处荧光增强逆转的速率,这与其完全催化Cdc42Hs的GTP酶反应的能力一致。相反,特异性鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换因子(GEF)Cdc24强烈刺激伴随GTP结合的荧光增强,这与其刺激Cdc42Hs上GDP-GTP交换反应的能力一致。共振能量转移测量得出sNBD部分与被N-甲基邻氨基苯甲酰基-(Mant)dGDP或MantdGTP占据的鸟嘌呤核苷酸结合位点之间的距离约为32埃。综上所述,这些结果确定了Cdc42Hs分子上一个构象敏感的报告位点,该位点距离鸟嘌呤核苷酸结合位点有一定距离,但仍为GTP结合、GTP酶活性以及关键调节蛋白的相互作用提供了高度灵敏的监测手段。