Starfield B
Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
J Fam Pract. 1996 Feb;42(2):181-5.
Primary care research consists of four types: basic, clinical, health services, and health systems. Basic research addresses the development of methods to study subjects relevant to primary care services, regardless of whether they deal with a clinical problem or a characteristic of service delivery. Clinical research involves issues relevant to the processes of delivering services, including recognition of people's problems, diagnostic approaches, and types of therapy and their outcomes. Health services research concerns the relationships associated with the organization and financing and their impact on the processes and outcomes of care. Health systems research focuses on understanding how the economic, political, and social milieus influence the structures and processes of the health services system, with specific relevance to its primary care infrastructure. The literature on primary care, as reflected by publications in three major general journals, is notably lacking in specific areas of study within these types of primary care research, particularly with regard to basic and health services research.
基础研究、临床研究、卫生服务研究和卫生系统研究。基础研究致力于开发研究与初级保健服务相关主题的方法，无论这些主题涉及临床问题还是服务提供的特征。临床研究涉及与服务提供过程相关的问题，包括对人们问题的识别、诊断方法、治疗类型及其结果。卫生服务研究关注与组织和融资相关的关系及其对护理过程和结果的影响。卫生系统研究侧重于理解经济、政治和社会环境如何影响卫生服务系统的结构和过程，尤其涉及其初级保健基础设施。如三大主要综合期刊上的出版物所反映的那样，初级保健领域的文献在这些类型的初级保健研究的特定研究领域明显匮乏，特别是在基础研究和卫生服务研究方面。
