Nowjack-Raymer R E, Gift H C
Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Branch, National Institute of Dental Research, Natcher Building, Room 3AN-44D, Bethedsa MD 20892-6401 USA.
Public Health Rep. 1996 Jan-Feb;111(1):82-6.
Sports-related orofacial trauma is a serious problem that can be prevented by wearing protective mouthguards and headgear. While this equipment is available, few studies have been done of wearing practices. This study assesses the wearing practices using data from the Child Health Supplement of the 1991 National Health Interview Survey. Results indicate that football was the only sport in which the majority of children used mouthguards and headgear. While statistically significant differences (p<.05) were found in use of the equipment in all sports by grade level, gender, parent's education, ethnicity, and by region of the the country, these differences were not consistent across sports. Healthy People 2000 calls for extending requirements for use of orofacial protective devices to all organizations sponsoring sports that pose risk to injury. Given the complex nature of the findings, multifaceted initiatives that include the promulgation of rules must be developed and tested to determine what approaches are effective in ensuring consistent use.
与运动相关的口腔面部创伤是一个严重问题，佩戴防护牙套和头盔可以预防该问题。虽然有这种装备，但关于佩戴习惯的研究却很少。本研究利用1991年全国健康访谈调查儿童健康补充调查的数据评估佩戴习惯。结果表明，足球是唯一一项大多数儿童使用牙套和头盔的运动。虽然在所有运动中，按年级、性别、父母教育程度、种族以及所在地区划分，在装备使用方面发现了具有统计学意义的差异（p<.05），但这些差异在不同运动中并不一致。《健康人民2000》呼吁将口腔面部防护装置的使用要求扩大到所有赞助有受伤风险运动的组织。鉴于研究结果的复杂性，必须制定并测试包括颁布规则在内的多方面举措，以确定哪些方法能有效确保一致使用。
