Variyam J N, Blaylock J, Smallwood D M
Economic Research Service, USDA, Washington DC 20005-4788, USA.
Stat Med. 1996 Jan 15;15(1):23-35. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19960115)15:1<23::AID-SIM145>3.0.CO;2-A.
Understanding how nutrition knowledge and attitudes vary across different population groups is critical for designing and evaluating nutrition education programmes and monitoring the nation's progress toward dietary goals. In this paper we use the Diet and Health Knowledge component of the USDA Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals to examine consumer knowledge of dietary fibre, fibre consumption attitudes and the awareness of fibre-related health problems. We use a latent variable probit model to estimate the relationships between an individuals's socio-demographic characteristics and his or her fibre knowledge, attitude and disease-awareness. The results suggest that the demographic profile of persons least knowledgeable about the fibre content of foods is low income, male, Black, Hispanic, smoker and low education levels. Add to this list younger individuals and one has a good description of those who lack information on the importance of eating plenty of grain products as well as those who lack awareness of fibre/disease links. The research suggests that messages about increasing fibre intake may have greatest success when targeted to individuals with some or all of these characteristics.
了解不同人群的营养知识和态度如何变化，对于设计和评估营养教育计划以及监测国家在实现饮食目标方面的进展至关重要。在本文中，我们利用美国农业部个人食物摄入量持续调查中的饮食与健康知识部分，来研究消费者对膳食纤维的知识、膳食纤维消费态度以及与纤维相关健康问题的认知。我们使用潜变量概率模型来估计个人社会人口特征与其纤维知识、态度和疾病认知之间的关系。结果表明，对食物纤维含量了解最少的人群的人口统计学特征是低收入、男性、黑人、西班牙裔、吸烟者和低教育水平。再加上年轻人，就很好地描述了那些缺乏关于大量食用谷物产品重要性信息的人，以及那些缺乏纤维/疾病关联认知的人。研究表明，针对具有部分或所有这些特征的人群传递增加纤维摄入量的信息，可能会取得最大成功。
