Surprenant A, Rassendren F, Kawashima E, North R A, Buell G
Glaxo Institute for Molecular Biology, Geneva, Switzerland.
Science. 1996 May 3;272(5262):735-8. doi: 10.1126/science.272.5262.735.
The P2Z receptor is responsible for adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent lysis of macrophages through the formation of membrane pores permeable to large molecules. Other ATP-gated channels, the P2X receptors, are permeable only to small cations. Here, an ATP receptor, the P2X7 receptor, was cloned from rat brain and exhibited both these properties. This protein is homologous to other P2X receptors but has a unique carboxyl-terminal domain that was required for the lytic actions of ATP. Thus, the P2X7 (or P2Z) receptor is a bifunctional molecule that could function in both fast synaptic transmission and the ATP-mediated lysis of antigen-presenting cells.
P2Z受体负责通过形成对大分子通透的膜孔，介导三磷酸腺苷（ATP）依赖性的巨噬细胞溶解。其他ATP门控通道，即P2X受体，仅对小阳离子通透。在此，从大鼠脑中克隆出一种ATP受体——P2X7受体，它兼具上述两种特性。该蛋白与其他P2X受体同源，但具有一个独特的羧基末端结构域，这是ATP发挥溶解作用所必需的。因此，P2X7（或P2Z）受体是一种双功能分子，可在快速突触传递以及ATP介导的抗原呈递细胞溶解过程中发挥作用。
