Pharmacokinetics of MDL 63,246, a new semisynthetic glycopeptide antibiotic, in the rat.

Following intravenous administration in the rat, the concentration of MDL 63,246 in plasma was high and long-lasting. Concentrations fell with an apparent three-exponential decay. MDL 63,246 was distributed in a high volume and was cleared quite slowly. The pharmacokinetics of MDL 63,246 in the rat appear to be dose proportional in the dose range of 20 to 50 mg/kg of body weight. When administered subcutaneously, MDL 63,246 was slowly absorbed from the injection site, and the extent of availability was good, being 70.1%. MDL 63,246 was eliminated slowly by both renal and fecal excretion. MDL 63,246 is rapidly and extensively distributed into the tissues. At 0.5 h after drug administration, radioactivity was detected in all organs examined. At 24 h after administration, the total concentrations of radioactivity still increased in some organs which represent a slowly equilibrating compartment, but only the kidneys and liver showed a higher total concentration of radioactivity than plasma. Between 24 and 192 h after treatment, total concentrations of radioactivity decreased very slowly, and finally, apart from brain, all tissues showed higher concentrations than plasma, indicating a very high affinity of MDL 63,246 for tissues. The ratio of the concentration of radioactivity in blood to that in plasma ratio was 0.58, indicating that MDL 63,246 does not diffuse into erythrocytes and that binding to the erythrocyte membrane does not occur. All of these findings appear to correlate with the excellent in vitro and in vivo activities of the compound, suggesting that MDL 63,246 could be therapeutically efficacious at lower dosages and longer treatment intervals than those currently used for vancomycin and teicoplanin.