Iozzo R V, Murdoch A D
Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
FASEB J. 1996 Apr;10(5):598-614.
This review focuses on the extracellular proteoglycans. Special emphasis is placed on the structural features of their protein cores, their gene organization, and their transcriptional control. A simplified nomenclature comprising two broad groups of extracellular proteoglycans is offered: the small leucine-rich proteoglycans or SLRPs, pronounced "slurps, " and the modular proteoglycans. The first group encompasses at least five distinct members of a gene family characterized by a central domain composed of leucine-rich repeats flanked by two cysteine-rich regions. The second group consists of those proteoglycans whose unifying feature is the assembly of various protein modules in a relatively elongated and often highly glycosylated structure. This group is quite heterogeneous and includes a distinct family of proteoglycans, the "hyalectans," that bind hyaluronan and contain a C-type lectin motif that is likely to bind carbohydrates, and a less distinct group that contains structural homologies but lacks hyaluronan-binding properties or lectin-like domains.
本综述聚焦于细胞外蛋白聚糖。重点关注其蛋白核心的结构特征、基因组织及其转录调控。本文提供了一种简化的命名法，将细胞外蛋白聚糖分为两大类：富含亮氨酸的小分子蛋白聚糖（SLRPs，读音为“slurps”）和模块化蛋白聚糖。第一类包括基因家族中至少五个不同成员，其特征是中央结构域由富含亮氨酸的重复序列组成，两侧为两个富含半胱氨酸的区域。第二类由那些蛋白聚糖组成，其统一特征是在相对细长且通常高度糖基化的结构中组装各种蛋白质模块。这一类非常异质，包括一个独特的蛋白聚糖家族“透明连接蛋白聚糖”，它结合透明质酸并含有可能结合碳水化合物的C型凝集素基序，以及一个不太明确的组，该组具有结构同源性，但缺乏透明质酸结合特性或凝集素样结构域。
