Neyman M R, Zidenberg-Cherr S, McDonald R B
Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1996 May;96(5):475-83. doi: 10.1016/S0002-8223(96)00133-2.
This study was designed to evaluate whether participation in a congregate-site meal program influenced the nutritional status of a group of healthy elderly.
Nutritional status, as defined by dietary intake and biochemical indexes, was assessed in free-living persons (aged 60 to 89 years) who either did (n = 70) or did not (n = 65) participate in the meal program. Three-day mean intakes of 17 nutrients and serum levels of 13 indexes of nutritional status were measured.
Multifactorial analysis of variance was used to determine differences in nutrient intake data and biochemical indexes between the groups. By means of correlation analysis, relationships between income and main outcome measures were examined. chi 2 Analysis was used to determine differences in response to categorical variables of the questionnaire.
In general, dietary intakes of participants did not differ significantly from those of nonparticipants, nor did the meal provided at the site significantly affect the overall dietary intake of participants. Mean biochemical indexes of nutritional status were within normal ranges for participants and nonparticipants, except for iron. However, 26% of the population consumed diets that may place them at risk for nutritional inadequacy.
Mean dietary intake data and biochemical indexes of nutritional status suggest that the congregate-site meal program did not significantly affect the nutritional status of the population surveyed. Additional studies focusing on the nutritional intake and status of low-income, ethnic minority, and socially isolated participants in the congregate-site meal program are needed to assess which populations are at risk for nutritional deficiencies.
本研究旨在评估参与集体用餐计划是否会影响一组健康老年人的营养状况。
通过饮食摄入量和生化指标来定义营养状况，对参与（n = 70）或未参与（n = 65）该用餐计划的自由生活人群（年龄在60至89岁之间）进行评估。测量了17种营养素的三日平均摄入量以及13种营养状况指标的血清水平。
采用多因素方差分析来确定两组之间营养素摄入数据和生化指标的差异。通过相关分析，研究收入与主要结局指标之间的关系。使用卡方分析来确定问卷分类变量的反应差异。
总体而言，参与者的饮食摄入量与未参与者相比无显著差异，该场所提供的餐食对参与者的总体饮食摄入量也无显著影响。除铁外，参与者和未参与者的营养状况平均生化指标均在正常范围内。然而，26%的人群饮食可能使他们面临营养不足的风险。
平均饮食摄入数据和营养状况生化指标表明，集体用餐计划并未显著影响所调查人群的营养状况。需要开展更多研究，聚焦集体用餐计划中低收入、少数族裔和社会孤立参与者的营养摄入和状况，以评估哪些人群存在营养缺乏风险。
