Andrews T J, White L E, Binder D, Purves D
Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 16;93(8):3689-92. doi: 10.1073/pnas.93.8.3689.
The majority of neurons in the primary visual cortex of primates can be activated by stimulation of either eye; moreover, the monocular receptive fields of such neurons are located in about the same region of visual space. These well-known facts imply that binocular convergence in visual cortex can explain our cyclopean view of the world. To test the adequacy of this assumption, we examined how human subjects integrate binocular events in time. Light flashes presented synchronously to both eyes were compared to flashes presented alternately (asynchronously) to one eye and then the other. Subjects perceived very-low-frequency (2 Hz) asynchronous trains as equivalent to synchronous trains flashed at twice the frequency (the prediction based on binocular convergence). However, at higher frequencies of presentation (4-32 Hz), subjects perceived asynchronous and synchronous trains to be increasingly similar. Indeed, at the flicker-fusion frequency (approximately 50 Hz), the apparent difference between the two conditions was only 2%. We suggest that the explanation of these anomalous findings is that we parse visual input into sequential episodes.
灵长类动物初级视觉皮层中的大多数神经元可以通过刺激任何一只眼睛而被激活;此外,这类神经元的单眼感受野位于视觉空间中大致相同的区域。这些众所周知的事实意味着视觉皮层中的双眼汇聚可以解释我们对世界的独眼视觉。为了检验这一假设的充分性,我们研究了人类受试者如何在时间上整合双眼事件。将同时呈现给双眼的闪光与交替(异步)呈现给一只眼睛然后再呈现给另一只眼睛的闪光进行比较。受试者将非常低频(2赫兹)的异步序列视为与以两倍频率闪烁的同步序列等效(基于双眼汇聚的预测)。然而,在较高的呈现频率(4 - 32赫兹)下,受试者认为异步和同步序列越来越相似。事实上,在闪烁融合频率(约50赫兹)时,两种条件之间的明显差异仅为2%。我们认为对这些异常发现的解释是,我们将视觉输入解析为连续的片段。