Loza J C, Carpio L C, Dziak R
State University of New York, Buffalo, USA.
Curr Opin Periodontol. 1996;3:27-33.
Osteoporosis, an age-related condition, is classified into primary and secondary types. Primary osteoporosis encompasses the postmenopausal and senile types; secondary osteoporosis occurs "secondary" to endocrine and renal diseases. Subjects affected by osteoporosis have an overall reduced bone mass and become highly susceptible to bone fractures. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry is the method most often used to determine the risk for osteoporotic fractures. In the past decade, a number of studies have suggested a possible correlation between systemic osteoporosis and alveolar bone loss in periodontal disease pathogenesis. It appears that a clear correlation between periodontal health and the general mineral status of the skeleton is still lacking. This review addresses the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and emphasizes the multifactorial nature of bone loss. The current concepts in alveolar bone loss resulting from osteoporosis and its implications as a risk factor in periodontal disease development are also presented.
骨质疏松症是一种与年龄相关的病症，分为原发性和继发性两种类型。原发性骨质疏松症包括绝经后型和老年性骨质疏松症；继发性骨质疏松症是由内分泌和肾脏疾病“继发”引起的。患有骨质疏松症的受试者骨量总体减少，极易发生骨折。双能X线吸收法是最常用于确定骨质疏松性骨折风险的方法。在过去十年中，多项研究表明，在牙周病发病机制中，全身性骨质疏松症与牙槽骨丧失之间可能存在关联。然而，牙周健康与骨骼总体矿物质状态之间似乎仍缺乏明确的相关性。本文综述了骨质疏松症的发病机制，并强调了骨质流失的多因素性质。同时还介绍了由骨质疏松症导致牙槽骨丧失的当前概念及其作为牙周病发展风险因素的意义。
