Papoz L, Barny S, Simon D
INSERM CJF 93-06, Hôpital Saint-Charles, Montpellier, France.
Am J Epidemiol. 1996 May 15;143(10):1018-24. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008665.
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was assessed in the multiracial population of New Caledonia in the South Pacific with the use of a two-step procedure. The first step included 9,390 subjects aged 30-59 years who were visited at home for screening with glucose strips. All subjects who had a fasting capillary blood glucose value > or = 110 mg/dl were invited to come to the health center for a more detailed examination. In non-fasting subjects, a capillary blood glucose value of 140 mg/dl was chosen as the cut-off point for further examination. A 2-hour glucose tolerance test was performed according to World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations on 424 positive screenees as well as in a sample of 517 negative screenees. In all, 219 previously known diabetic subjects were found; among subjects classified as positive at the first step, 277 were detected as new cases or diabetes. After correction to take into account false negative subjects, the age-adjusted prevalence rate of diabetes was estimated to be 8.9% overall; Polynesians (15.3%) were found to be more at risk than Melanesians or Europeans (8.4% in two other groups). A higher prevalence of diabetes was found in Melanesians who lived in the urban area compared with Melanesians who lived in villages. This finding confirms the deleterious effect of western life in this population subject to rapid modernization.
在南太平洋新喀里多尼亚的多种族人群中，采用两步法评估糖尿病患病率。第一步纳入了9390名年龄在30至59岁之间的受试者，他们在家中接受葡萄糖试纸筛查。所有空腹毛细血管血糖值≥110mg/dl的受试者被邀请到健康中心进行更详细的检查。对于非空腹受试者，毛细血管血糖值140mg/dl被选为进一步检查的切点。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的建议，对424名筛查阳性者以及517名筛查阴性者的样本进行了2小时葡萄糖耐量试验。总共发现了219名既往已知的糖尿病患者；在第一步分类为阳性的受试者中，有277名被检测为新病例或糖尿病患者。在考虑到假阴性受试者后进行校正，糖尿病的年龄调整患病率总体估计为8.9%；发现波利尼西亚人（15.3%）比美拉尼西亚人或欧洲人（其他两组为8.4%）面临更高的风险。与居住在农村的美拉尼西亚人相比，居住在城市地区的美拉尼西亚人糖尿病患病率更高。这一发现证实了西方生活方式对这个正在迅速现代化的人群的有害影响。
