Preston R A, Singer I, Epstein M
Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, Fla, USA.
Arch Intern Med. 1996 Mar 25;156(6):602-11. doi: 10.1001/archinte.156.6.602.
Renal parenchymal disease is a common but often unrecognized cause of hypertension. Chronic renal disease and systemic hypertension may coexist in two distinct settings. First, essential hypertension is an important cause of chronic renal disease. Second, renal parenchymal disease is a well-established cause of secondary hypertension. Renal parenchymal disease is the most common cause of secondary hypertension, accounting for 2.5% to 5.0% of all cases of systemic hypertension. Secondary hypertension may also accelerate the decline in renal function if inadequately controlled. Therefore, hypertension is both a cause and a consequence of renal disease, and it may be difficult to distinguish them clinically.
肾实质疾病是高血压常见但常未被认识的病因。慢性肾病和系统性高血压可能在两种不同情况下共存。首先，原发性高血压是慢性肾病的重要病因。其次，肾实质疾病是继发性高血压公认的病因。肾实质疾病是继发性高血压最常见的病因，占所有系统性高血压病例的2.5%至5.0%。如果控制不当，继发性高血压也可能加速肾功能下降。因此，高血压既是肾病的病因也是结果，临床上可能难以区分它们。
