Merkle E, Müller M, Vogel J, Klatt S, Görich J, Beger H G, Brambs H J
Abteilung Radiologie, Universität Ulm.
Rofo. 1996 Jan;164(1):7-12. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1015600.
During a period of four years 104 mammograms were performed in 89 men. Mastectomies were carried out on 23 men (group 1). 66 patients (group 2) were followed up clinically and in 15 patients serial mammograms were obtained.
In group 1 there were 5 patients with bilateral gynaecomastia, 9 with unilateral gynaecomastia and two with pseudogynaecomastia and there were 7 patients with malignancies. In group 2 there were 46 patients with bilateral gynaecomastia and 10 patients with unilateral gynaecomastia. Pseudogynaecomastia was found in 25 patients. There were 7 malignancies, of which 5 had been suspected clinically and one had been diagnosed as gynaecomastia by mammography. Two carcinomas in situ were missed clinically and also by mammography.
When malignancy is not suspected on clinical grounds the first examination should be sonography, mammography being reserved for cases of doubt. Where, however, malignancy is suspected, and for follow-up, mammography retains its primary position.
在四年期间，对89名男性进行了104次乳房X线摄影检查。对23名男性实施了乳房切除术（第1组）。对66名患者（第2组）进行了临床随访，并对15名患者进行了系列乳房X线摄影检查。
第1组中有5例双侧男性乳房发育症患者、9例单侧男性乳房发育症患者和2例假性男性乳房发育症患者，还有7例恶性肿瘤患者。第2组中有46例双侧男性乳房发育症患者和10例单侧男性乳房发育症患者。在25例患者中发现了假性男性乳房发育症。有7例恶性肿瘤，其中5例临床怀疑，1例乳房X线摄影诊断为男性乳房发育症。2例原位癌临床漏诊，乳房X线摄影也漏诊。
当临床未怀疑恶性肿瘤时，首次检查应采用超声检查，乳房X线摄影仅用于可疑病例。然而，当怀疑恶性肿瘤时，以及用于随访时，乳房X线摄影仍保持其首要地位。
