Rigel D S, Friedman R J, Kopf A W
Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine, 10016, USA.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996 May;34(5 Pt 1):839-47. doi: 10.1016/s0190-9622(96)90041-9.
The risk of malignant melanoma developing in an American in the United States has now reached 1 in 87 (up more than 1800% since the 1930s). This rising incidence of malignant melanoma is, in fact, real because (1) it is not due to increased surveillance; (2) it is not due to better cancer-counting methods in general; (3) it is not due to changes in histologic diagnostic criteria; (4) it is being noted worldwide; and (5) most importantly, despite rising survival percentages, the mortality rate from malignant melanoma also continues to rise. On the basis of these trends, incidence rates for malignant melanoma will continue to rise for at least the next 10 to 20 years, although the demographics of those affected may change. Effective programs to improve public and professional education must be developed to enhance early clinical detection and behavioral changes. An establishment of a National Melanoma Registry is needed to more effectively assess the magnitude and impact of future incidence and the success of prevention program efforts into the next century.
在美国，美国人患恶性黑色素瘤的风险现已达到87分之一（自20世纪30年代以来上升了1800%以上）。事实上，恶性黑色素瘤发病率的上升是真实存在的，原因如下：（1）它并非因监测增加所致；（2）总体上并非因更好的癌症计数方法所致；（3）并非因组织学诊断标准的改变所致；（4）全球范围内都有此现象；（5）最重要的是，尽管生存率有所上升，但恶性黑色素瘤的死亡率也在持续上升。基于这些趋势，恶性黑色素瘤的发病率至少在未来10至20年内将继续上升，尽管受影响人群的人口统计学特征可能会发生变化。必须制定有效的项目来改善公众和专业教育，以加强早期临床检测和行为改变。需要建立一个国家黑色素瘤登记处，以便更有效地评估未来发病率的规模和影响以及下个世纪预防项目努力的成效。
