Beery T A, Baas L S, Hickey C S
Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA.
Heart Lung. 1996 May-Jun;25(3):182-9. doi: 10.1016/s0147-9563(96)80028-8.
To describe infection precautions used by nurses when caring for patients with temporary epicardial and transvenous pacemakers.
Descriptive, nation-wide survey.
All U.S. hospitals performing cardiac surgery.
Nurse managers and clinical specialists from cardiac and thoracic intensive care, coronary care, and telemetry units at all U.S. hospitals performing cardiac surgery.
The Pacemaker Electrode Care and Safety Survey.
Responses came from 43% (388) of the 895 hospitals. Most respondents indicated that they wore gloves when handling electrodes (approximately 96%); usually the gloves were nonsterile (73%). A sterile procedure was often used to perform site care (37% for epicardial and 65% for transvenous). The most common agent used for site cleansing was povidone-iodine. Concern has been expressed in the literature about use of this agent. Gauze was the most common type of dressing (used by 60% for epicardial dressings and 31% for transvenous).
There is diversity in clinical practice. Further study is recommended to establish the safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness of identified infection precautions.
描述护士在护理使用临时心外膜起搏器和经静脉起搏器的患者时所采取的感染预防措施。
描述性全国性调查。
美国所有进行心脏手术的医院。
美国所有进行心脏手术医院的心内科和胸外科重症监护病房、冠心病监护病房及遥测病房的护士长和临床专家。
起搏器电极护理与安全调查。
895家医院中有43%（388家）回复。大多数受访者表示，他们在处理电极时会戴手套（约96%）；通常手套为非无菌的（73%）。进行部位护理时经常采用无菌操作（心外膜起搏器为37%，经静脉起搏器为65%）。用于部位清洁的最常用制剂是聚维酮碘。文献中已对该制剂的使用表示担忧。纱布是最常用的敷料类型（心外膜敷料使用比例为60%，经静脉敷料使用比例为31%）。
临床实践存在差异。建议进一步研究以确定所识别的感染预防措施的安全性、有效性和成本效益。
