Newens A J, McColl E, Bond S, Priest J F
Centre for Health Services Research, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
Heart Lung. 1996 May-Jun;25(3):190-9. doi: 10.1016/s0147-9563(96)80029-x.
To compare knowledge and reported incidence of cardiac-related symptoms among patients with nurses' knowledge and estimated incidence of symptoms in this patient group.
Retrospective collection of patient data by means of postal questionnaire and postal survey of hospital nurses.
Five non-randomly selected hospitals in northeast England.
One hundred seventy-five male patients with a first uncomplicated myocardial infarction (MI), cared for by 168 registered nurses working in coronary care or medical wards.
Reported and estimated occurrence of 11 common cardiac symptoms in the 3 weeks after MI and 15-item knowledge and 10-item misconception scales about cause of and recovery from MI.
The percentage of nurses who correctly estimated the incidence of symptoms was low, 25% of nurses did not make any correct estimates, and the mean number of correct estimates was not associated with nurses' experience or qualifications. The overall mean score for the knowledge scale was 9.6 (SD 1.9) for nurses, which was significantly higher (t=7.5, p<0.001) than that for patients (mean 7.9, SD 2.3); the nurses' score was not significantly associated with experience or place of work. For the misconception scale the mean score for nurses was 6.8 (SD 1.5), which was significantly higher (t=6.85, p<0.001) than the mean score for patients (5.5; SD 2.6); nurses working in specialized cardiac wards and more experienced nurses had significantly higher scores.
Nurses should be provided with sound knowledge on cardiac symptoms and risks so that they can educate patients accordingly and, in particular, can correct misconceptions about the condition, prognosis, and appropriate lifestyle changes. Advanced-training personnel should recognize the need to enhance nurses' skills in patient education and rehabilitation; the importance of these skills also should be recognized in first-level training.
比较患者心脏相关症状的知晓情况及报告发病率与护士对该患者群体症状的知晓情况及估计发病率。
通过邮寄问卷回顾性收集患者数据，并对医院护士进行邮寄调查。
英格兰东北部五家非随机选择的医院。
175例首次发生无并发症心肌梗死（MI）的男性患者，由在冠心病监护病房或内科病房工作的168名注册护士护理。
心肌梗死后3周内11种常见心脏症状的报告及估计发生率，以及关于心肌梗死病因和恢复情况的15项知识量表和10项错误观念量表。
正确估计症状发生率的护士比例较低，25%的护士没有做出任何正确估计，正确估计的平均数量与护士的经验或资质无关。护士知识量表的总体平均分为9.6（标准差1.9），显著高于患者（平均7.9，标准差2.3）（t=7.5，p<0.001）；护士的得分与经验或工作地点无显著关联。错误观念量表的护士平均分为6.8（标准差1.5），显著高于患者的平均分（5.5；标准差2.6）（t=6.85，p<0.001）；在专门心脏病房工作的护士和经验更丰富的护士得分显著更高。
应向护士提供有关心脏症状和风险的扎实知识，以便他们能够相应地对患者进行教育，特别是能够纠正有关病情、预后和适当生活方式改变的错误观念。高级培训人员应认识到提高护士患者教育和康复技能的必要性；这些技能的重要性在一级培训中也应得到认可。
