Gul Asiye, Andsoy Isil Isik, Ozkaya Birgul, Zeydan Ayten
University of Health Science, Faculty of Health Science, Istanbul, Turkey.
Karabük University, Faculty of Health Science, Karabük, Turke.
Ostomy Wound Manage. 2017 Jun;63(6):40-46.
Nurses' knowledge of pressure ulcer (PU) prevention and management is an important first step in the provision of optimal care. To evaluate PU prevention/risk, staging, and wound description knowledge, a descriptive, cross-sectional survey was conducted among nurses working in an acute care Turkish hospital. The survey instrument was a modified and translated version of the Pieper Pressure Ulcer Knowledge Test (PUKT), and its validity and reliability were established. Nurses completed a Personal Characteristics Form, including sociodemographic information and exposure to educational presentations and information about and experience with PUs, followed by the 49-item modified PUKT which includes 33 prevention/risk items, 9 staging items, and 7 wound description items. All items are true/false questions with an I don't know option (scoring: minimum 0, maximum 49). Correct answers received 1 point and incorrect/unknown answers received 0 points. The paper-pencil questionnaires were distributed by 2 researchers to all nurses in the participating hospital and completed by those willing to be included. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Pearson's correlation test was used to examine the relationship between quantitative variables, and mean scores were compared using the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Among the 308 participating nurses (mean age 29.5 ± 8.1 [range 19-56] years) most were women (257, 83.4%) with 7.3 ± 7.8 (range 1-36) years of experience. The mean knowledge score for the entire sample was 29.7 ± 6.7 (range 8-42). The overall percentage of correct answers was 60.6% to 61.8% for PU prevention/risk assessment, 60% for wound description, and 56.6% for PU staging. Knowledge scores were significantly (P <.05) higher for participants who attended at least 1 lecture/conference/course on PUs in the last year, read articles/books about PUs, cared for patients with PUs, or believed their patients were at risk for PU development. Most participants (180, 58.4%) scored 60% or more correct; 8 (2.6%) correctly answered 80% or more of the items. The lowest number of correct answers was for the item, "Bunny boots and gel pads relieve pressure on the heels" (22, 7.1%). The results of this study suggest education and experience caring for patients who are at risk for or have a PU affect nurses' knowledge. This study, and additional research examining nurse knowledge, will help the development of much-needed education programs.
护士对压疮（PU）预防和管理的知识是提供优质护理的重要第一步。为了评估护士对PU预防/风险、分期及伤口描述的知识，对一家土耳其急症医院的护士进行了一项描述性横断面调查。调查工具是经修改和翻译的皮珀压疮知识测试（PUKT），并确立了其有效性和可靠性。护士们先填写一份个人特征表，包括社会人口统计学信息、是否接触过有关PU的教育讲座和信息以及相关经验，然后进行49项的修改版PUKT测试，其中包括33项预防/风险项目、9项分期项目和7项伤口描述项目。所有项目均为是非题，还有“我不知道”选项（评分：最低0分，最高49分）。答对得1分，答错/不知道得0分。两位研究人员将纸质问卷分发给参与医院的所有护士，由愿意参与的护士填写。使用描述性统计方法对回答进行分析。采用皮尔逊相关检验来检验定量变量之间的关系，使用曼-惠特尼U检验和克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验来比较平均得分。在308名参与调查的护士中（平均年龄29.5±8.1岁[范围19 - 56岁]），大多数为女性（257名，83.4%），工作经验为7.3±7.8年（范围1 - 36年）。整个样本的平均知识得分为29.7±6.7分（范围8 - 42分）。PU预防/风险评估的正确答案总体百分比为60.6%至61.8%，伤口描述为60%，PU分期为56.6%。对于去年至少参加过1次关于PU的讲座/会议/课程、阅读过关于PU的文章/书籍、护理过PU患者或认为其患者有发生PU风险的参与者，知识得分显著更高（P <.05）。大多数参与者（180名，58.4%）得分达到60%及以上；8名（2.6%）正确回答了80%及以上的项目。正确答案数量最少的项目是“兔耳靴和凝胶垫可减轻足跟压力”（22名，7.1%）。本研究结果表明，对有PU风险或患有PU的患者进行护理的教育和经验会影响护士的知识水平。这项研究以及其他考察护士知识的研究，将有助于制定急需的教育项目。
