Strasser H, Janetschek G, Reissigl A, Bartsch G
Department of Urology, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
Urology. 1996 Apr;47(4):485-90. doi: 10.1016/S0090-4295(99)80482-8.
This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of three-dimensional transrectal ultrasound to identify and measure the prostate zones.
In an anatomic-sonographic study, eight specimens were investigated by means of three-dimensional transrectal ultrasound. Subsequently, the volumes of the prostate and the transition zone were measured by means of a special planimetric program; the images and results obtained were compared with anatomic sections and water displacement volume measurement. Then two groups of patients were investigated by means of three-dimensional transrectal ultrasound; the first group included 90 patients ranging in age from 55 to 85 years who presented with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which was verified by means of histologic examination. Three-dimensional transrectal ultrasound was performed prior to ultrasound-guided biopsies of the prostate. The second group comprised 10 patients aged between 17 and 30 years whose prostates were free of disease.
Three-dimensional transrectal sonography is the first imaging technique that can simultaneously demonstrate relevant structures in three planes; apart from the sagittal and the horizontal (or axial) plane, the region of interest can be examined in the coronal plane as well. The structural differences of the prostatic zones in BPH and the juvenile gland can be clearly identified with the help of three-dimensional transrectal ultrasound. The coronal plane provides important additional information; the central zone and the enlarged transition zone can be identified best in this third plane.
The prostate zones, their interrelations, and, in particular, the hyperplasia of the transition zone in BPH are clearly demonstrable. Furthermore, the size of the enlarged transition zone can be exactly measured.
本研究旨在评估三维经直肠超声识别和测量前列腺区域的效能。
在一项解剖学超声研究中，通过三维经直肠超声对8个标本进行了检查。随后，使用特殊的平面测量程序测量前列腺和移行区的体积；将获得的图像和结果与解剖切片及水置换体积测量结果进行比较。然后，通过三维经直肠超声对两组患者进行了检查；第一组包括90例年龄在55至85岁之间的良性前列腺增生（BPH）患者，经组织学检查证实。在超声引导下对前列腺进行活检之前，先进行三维经直肠超声检查。第二组包括10例年龄在17至30岁之间的前列腺无疾病患者。
三维经直肠超声是第一种能够同时在三个平面上显示相关结构的成像技术；除矢状面和水平面（或轴面）外，感兴趣区域还可在冠状面进行检查。借助三维经直肠超声可以清楚地识别BPH患者和青少年前列腺区域的结构差异。冠状面提供了重要的额外信息；在这个第三平面上可以最好地识别中央区和扩大的移行区。
前列腺区域、它们之间的相互关系，尤其是BPH患者移行区的增生情况清晰可见。此外，扩大的移行区大小可以精确测量。
