Kerosuo H, Kullaa A, Kerosuo E, Kanerva L, Hensten-Pettersen A
NIOM, Scandinavian Institute of Dental Materials, Haslum, Norway.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996 Feb;109(2):148-54. doi: 10.1016/s0889-5406(96)70175-0.
The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of nickel hypersensitivity in adolescents in relation to sex, onset, duration and type of orthodontic treatment, and the age at which ears were pierced. The subjects were 700 Finnish adolescents, from 14 to 18 years of age, of which 476 (68%) had a history of orthodontic treatment with metallic appliances. The study consisted of patch-testing for a nickel allergy and a patient history obtained by a questionnaire and from patient record. The frequency of nickel sensitization in the whole group was 19%. Nickel allergy was significantly more often found in girls (30%) than in boys (3%) and in subjects with pierced ears (31%) than in those with no piercing of ears (2%). Orthodontic treatment did not seem to affect the prevalence of nickel sensitization. None of the girls who were treated with fixed orthodontic appliances before ear piercing showed hypersensitivity to nickel, whereas 35% of the girls who had experienced ear piercing before the onset of orthodontic treatment were sensitized to nickel. The results suggest that orthodontic treatment does not seem to increase the risk for nickel hypersensitivity. Rather, the data suggests that treatment with nickel-containing metallic orthodontic appliances before sensitization to nickel (ear piercing) may have reduced the frequency of nickel hypersensitivity.
本研究的目的是调查青少年镍超敏反应的发生频率与性别、正畸治疗的开始时间、持续时间和类型以及打耳洞年龄之间的关系。研究对象为700名14至18岁的芬兰青少年，其中476名（68%）有使用金属矫治器进行正畸治疗的病史。该研究包括对镍过敏进行斑贴试验，以及通过问卷调查和患者记录获取患者病史。整个组中镍致敏的频率为19%。镍过敏在女孩（30%）中比在男孩（3%）中更常见，在打过耳洞的受试者（31%）中比在未打过耳洞的受试者（2%）中更常见。正畸治疗似乎并未影响镍致敏的患病率。在打耳洞前接受固定正畸矫治器治疗的女孩中，没有一人对镍过敏，而在正畸治疗开始前就打过耳洞的女孩中，有35%对镍致敏。结果表明，正畸治疗似乎不会增加镍超敏反应的风险。相反，数据表明在对镍致敏（打耳洞）之前使用含镍金属正畸矫治器进行治疗可能降低了镍超敏反应的频率。
