Department of Odontology, Orthodontics, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden.
Acta Derm Venereol. 2012 Nov;92(6):664-8. doi: 10.2340/00015555-1305.
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of life-style practices in adolescents and their association with nickel allergy. Upper secondary school pupils (n = 4,376; 15-23 years) were patch-tested for nickel aller-gy, follow-ing completion of a questionnaire (answered by 6,095). Almost 86% girls and 21% of boys reported piercing. More girls (6%) than boys (3%) had a tattoo. Twenty-six percent of the girls and 18% of the boys were regular smokers. Vegetarian/vegan diets were reported by 20% of girls and by 6% of boys. Piercing, female gender, and vocational programme increased the risk of nickel allergy, whereas orthodontic appliance treat-ment prior to piercing reduced the risk of nickel allergy. Pupils in vocational programmes had the highest prevalence of nickel allergy. Lifestyle behaviours are interconnected and cluster in subgroups of adolescents. Female sex, piercing and choice of educational programme are prominent lifestyle markers. A trend shift is observed, where more girls than boys report tattooing.
本研究旨在评估青少年生活方式实践的流行情况及其与镍过敏的关系。对 4376 名（15-23 岁）高中生进行了镍过敏斑贴试验，并在完成问卷后（由 6095 人回答）进行了随访。近 86%的女孩和 21%的男孩表示曾穿孔。报告有纹身的女孩（6%）多于男孩（3%）。26%的女孩和 18%的男孩是经常吸烟者。20%的女孩和 6%的男孩报告素食/纯素食饮食。穿孔、女性性别和职业课程增加了镍过敏的风险，而在穿孔前进行正畸治疗则降低了镍过敏的风险。职业课程的学生镍过敏的患病率最高。生活方式行为相互关联，并在青少年亚群中聚集。女性性别、穿孔和教育项目的选择是突出的生活方式标志。观察到一个趋势转变，即报告纹身的女孩多于男孩。
