Teplin L A, Abram K M, McClelland G M
Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996 Jun;53(6):505-12. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830060047007.
There are little epidemiologic data on psychiatric disorders of women in jails. Accurate data on female jail detainees are critical because of their increasing numbers and their unique treatment needs.
Using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule, independent interviewers assessed a randomly selected, stratified sample of 1272 female jail detainees awaiting trial in Chicago, Ill. We tabulated lifetime and 6-month prevalence rates of disorders by race or ethnicity (African American, non-Hispanic white, Hispanic), age, and education and compared the jail rates with general population rates for women in the Epidemiologic Catchment Area program. We also examined whether or not psychiatric disorder was associated with the severity of the detainee's current arrest charges.
Over 80% of the sample met criteria for one or more lifetime psychiatric disorders; 70% were symptomatic within 6 months of the interview. The most common disorders were drug abuse or dependence, alcohol abuse or dependence, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Major depressive episode was the most prevalent major mental disorder. Rates were generally highest among non-Hispanic whites and among older detainees. Rates for all disorders were significantly higher than general population rates, except for schizophrenia. Most detainees with psychiatric disorders were arrested for nonviolent crimes.
These results suggest substantial psychiatric morbidity among female jail detainees.
关于监狱中女性精神疾病的流行病学数据很少。由于女性监狱被拘留者的数量不断增加且有独特的治疗需求，准确的数据至关重要。
使用诊断访谈表，独立访谈者对伊利诺伊州芝加哥市1272名候审的女性监狱被拘留者进行了随机分层抽样评估。我们按种族或族裔（非裔美国人、非西班牙裔白人、西班牙裔）、年龄和教育程度列出了终身患病率和6个月患病率，并将监狱患病率与流行病学区域项目中女性的一般人群患病率进行了比较。我们还研究了精神疾病是否与被拘留者当前被捕指控的严重程度相关。
超过80%的样本符合一种或多种终身精神疾病的标准；70%在访谈后6个月内有症状。最常见的疾病是药物滥用或依赖、酒精滥用或依赖以及创伤后应激障碍。重度抑郁发作是最常见的主要精神障碍。患病率通常在非西班牙裔白人和年龄较大的被拘留者中最高。除精神分裂症外，所有疾病的患病率均显著高于一般人群。大多数患有精神疾病的被拘留者因非暴力犯罪被捕。
这些结果表明女性监狱被拘留者中存在大量精神疾病。
