Sintonen H, Maljanen T
Department of Health Policy and Management University of Kuopio, Finland.
Health Econ. 1995 Nov-Dec;4(6):453-66. doi: 10.1002/hec.4730040603.
In this paper a model based on the theory of demand for health and of supplier inducement is developed to explain the utilisation of dental care. Of special interest are the effects of money price and various forms of inducement. It is also explored how the results are affected if different model specifications and estimation techniques are applied and what is the most appropriate one, when utilisation is measured by dental expenditure. The data come from a sample of 1779 employees, whose dental expenditure is refunded from 0 to 99.75%. Other things being equal, the methodological choices make a clear difference in parameter estimates. Only a log-linear two-part model and two-part tobit with selectivity were suitable for explaining expenditure and produced quite similar results. Money price elasticity was small, but significant (-0.069). General and personal inducement appear to have a considerable effect on utilisation, but did not have any systematic connection with dentist/population ratio.
本文基于健康需求理论和供应商诱导理论构建了一个模型，以解释牙科护理的利用情况。特别值得关注的是货币价格和各种形式诱导的影响。本文还探讨了如果应用不同的模型设定和估计技术，结果会受到怎样的影响，以及当利用情况以牙科支出衡量时，哪种方法最为合适。数据来自1779名员工的样本，他们的牙科支出报销比例从0%到99.75%不等。在其他条件相同的情况下，方法选择对参数估计有显著影响。只有对数线性两部分模型和具有选择性的两部分托比特模型适合解释支出情况，并且产生了相当相似的结果。货币价格弹性较小，但具有显著性（-0.069）。一般诱导和个人诱导似乎对利用情况有相当大的影响，但与牙医/人口比例没有任何系统联系。
