Wolf R, Movshowitz M, Brenner S
Department of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Ichilov Hospital, Israel.
Int J Dermatol. 1996 Mar;35(3):173-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4362.1996.tb01633.x.
Hand dermatitis in soldiers is a considerable problem. The purpose of the study was to evaluate appropriate screening tests to improve the diagnosis of hand dermatitis in soldiers.
A group of 111 soldiers with occupational dermatitis from contact with fuels and oils underwent "tailored patch tests" with allergens relevant to their field of work and their environment. The control group consisted of 24 soldiers with various jobs similar to those of civilian life, who had not been exposed to oils and fuels. Seventy-three civilian patients, attending the clinic for patch testing, were also included. Twenty soldiers, who had a history of intensive contact with oil and fuels, but no contact dermatitis, and who were admitted because of various skin diseases (fungal infections, acne, etc.) also underwent the supplemental testing and served as an additional control group.
Of the soldiers, 31 (29%) showed one or more positive skin tests of the oil series and 30 patients of this group one or more positive reactions to the standard patch tests trays. No patient of the control groups had a positive test to the oil series.
Our results show the value of the supplementary tests as a first-step screening test for detection of oil allergy in soldiers and automobile-mechanics or in workers handling other gasoline- or diesel-powered engineering equipment. The test method appears to be practical, easy to perform, reliable and giving clear and accurate results, with a negligible rate of false positive reactions.
士兵手部皮炎是一个相当严重的问题。本研究的目的是评估合适的筛查试验，以改善对士兵手部皮炎的诊断。
一组111名因接触燃料和油类而患职业性皮炎的士兵接受了针对与其工作领域和环境相关的变应原的“定制斑贴试验”。对照组由24名从事类似于平民生活各种工作且未接触过油类和燃料的士兵组成。还纳入了73名到诊所进行斑贴试验的平民患者。20名有频繁接触油类和燃料史但无接触性皮炎且因各种皮肤疾病（真菌感染、痤疮等）入院的士兵也接受了补充试验，并作为额外的对照组。
在士兵中，31名（29%）对油类系列皮肤试验呈一项或多项阳性，该组中有30名患者对标准斑贴试验盘呈一项或多项阳性反应。对照组中没有患者对油类系列试验呈阳性。
我们的结果表明，补充试验作为对士兵、汽车修理工或操作其他汽油或柴油动力工程设备的工人进行油类过敏检测的第一步筛查试验具有价值。该试验方法似乎实用、易于操作、可靠且结果清晰准确，假阳性反应率可忽略不计。
