Grady K L
Department of Cardiology, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
J Cardiovasc Nurs. 1996 Jan;10(2):58-70. doi: 10.1097/00005082-199601000-00006.
Heart transplantation is an accepted therapeutic alternative for patients with end-stage heart failure. The most common diagnoses of patients who require heart transplantation are ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy. Evaluation for heart transplantation involves an examination of the patient's heart disease including left ventricle ejection fraction, hemodynamic status, presence of ventricular ectopy, New York Heart Association functional class, symptoms, exercise tolerance, and sympathetic nervous system activation. In addition, absolute and relative contraindications must be identified to determine their influence on a patient's candidacy. Care must be taken to determine the best use of a donor heart, a scarce resource, with regard to posttransplant morbidity, mortality, and quality of life.
心脏移植是终末期心力衰竭患者可接受的一种治疗选择。需要进行心脏移植的患者最常见的诊断是缺血性和非缺血性心肌病。心脏移植评估包括对患者心脏病的检查，包括左心室射血分数、血流动力学状态、室性异位搏动的存在、纽约心脏协会功能分级、症状、运动耐量和交感神经系统激活情况。此外，必须确定绝对和相对禁忌症，以确定它们对患者候选资格的影响。必须谨慎确定供体心脏（一种稀缺资源）在移植后发病率、死亡率和生活质量方面的最佳使用方式。
