Trye P, Jackson R, Stewart A, Yee R L, Beaglehole R
Department of Community Health, University of Auckland School of Medicine.
N Z Med J. 1996 May 24;109(1022):179-81.
To describe blood pressure trends in Auckland, New Zealand from 1982 to 1994 and assess possible explanations for the trends.
Three cross sectional surveys of cardiovascular risk factors were undertaken in 1982, 1986-8 and 1993-4, with a total of 3806 European men and women aged 35-64 years randomly selected from Auckland electoral rolls.
Mean systolic blood pressure fell in males from 132.2 mmHg in 1982 to 126.3 mmHg in 1993-4, and in females from 125.9 mmHg in 1982 to 121.7 mmHg in 1993-4. Both male and female diastolic mean blood pressure decreased more than 6 mmHg over the 12 years. The prevalence of antihypertensive drug use fell over the 12 year period. Regression analysis revealed a positive association between blood pressure and blood lipids. Body mass index (BMI) was also positively related to blood pressure while cigarette smoking was inversely related. However, concurrent trends in blood lipids, BMI and cigarette smoking could account for less than 6% of the average decline in systolic blood pressure over the 12 year period.
There has been a substantial fall in mean blood pressure levels in Auckland adults aged 35-64 years which appears to be due to a shift in the general population blood pressure. The reduction in blood pressure is not explained by changes in pharmaceutical interventions and only a small part of the decline can be explained by concurrent trends in cardiovascular risk factors.
描述1982年至1994年新西兰奥克兰的血压趋势，并评估这些趋势可能的解释原因。
于1982年、1986 - 1988年和1993 - 1994年进行了三次心血管危险因素横断面调查，从奥克兰选民名册中随机选取了3806名年龄在35 - 64岁的欧洲男性和女性。
男性收缩压均值从1982年的132.2 mmHg降至1993 - 1994年的126.3 mmHg，女性从1982年的125.9 mmHg降至1993 - 1994年的121.7 mmHg。在这12年中，男性和女性的舒张压均值均下降了超过6 mmHg。抗高血压药物的使用患病率在这12年期间有所下降。回归分析显示血压与血脂之间存在正相关。体重指数（BMI）也与血压呈正相关，而吸烟与血压呈负相关。然而，血脂、BMI和吸烟的同期变化在这12年期间只能解释收缩压平均下降幅度的不到6%。
奥克兰35 - 64岁成年人的平均血压水平大幅下降，这似乎是由于总体人群血压的变化所致。血压的降低不能通过药物干预的变化来解释，并且下降幅度中只有一小部分可以通过心血管危险因素的同期变化来解释。
