Kalamkarov Kh A
Stomatologiia (Mosk). 1996;75(1):53-60.
A total of 868 patients aged 25 to 68 with various types of occlusion and dentition defects were examined. 212 (24.4%) patients presented with a shortened interalveolar distance (height of occlusion). Abnormal abrasion of hard dental tissues, dentition defects in the lateral sections of dental arches, abnormal occlusion (deep or prognathic), reduced tolerance of periodontal tissues, and dysfunction of the masticatory muscles (bruxism) were found to be the pathogenetic factors leading to the development of this condition. Dysfunction of the masticatory muscles was detected in 41.5% of patients with shortened interalveolar distance and dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint in 9.9%; moreover, in many of them traumatic occlusion and disorders in the regional circulation in the periodontium of teeth exposed to overexercise were observed. Orthodontic treatment of patients with shortened interalveolar distance was carried out in two stages: the first stage consisted in functional and adaptation restructuring of the maxillodental system by repair of the height of occlusion and normalization of the mandibular position on a plastic cup which the patients wore for 3 months, and then the second stage ensued, at which they were fitted with dentures. Good results were attained in 95.7% patients.
共检查了868例年龄在25至68岁之间、患有各种类型咬合和牙列缺损的患者。212例（24.4%）患者出现牙槽间距离缩短（咬合高度）。硬牙组织异常磨损、牙弓外侧部分牙列缺损、异常咬合（深覆合或前突）、牙周组织耐受性降低以及咀嚼肌功能障碍（磨牙症）被发现是导致这种情况发生的致病因素。在牙槽间距离缩短的患者中，41.5%检测到咀嚼肌功能障碍，9.9%检测到颞下颌关节功能障碍；此外，在许多患者中，观察到创伤性咬合以及过度运动牙齿牙周区域循环障碍。牙槽间距离缩短的患者进行正畸治疗分两个阶段：第一阶段包括通过修复咬合高度和使患者佩戴3个月的塑料杯来使下颌位置正常化，从而对颌牙系统进行功能和适应性重建，然后进入第二阶段，为患者安装假牙。95.7%的患者取得了良好效果。
