Hartwell T D, Steele P, French M T, Potter F J, Rodman N F, Zarkin G A
Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194, USA.
Am J Public Health. 1996 Jun;86(6):804-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.86.6.804.
Employee assistance programs (EAPs) are job-based programs designed to identify and assist troubled employees. This study determines the prevalence, cost, and characteristics of these programs in the United States by worksite size, industry, and census region.
A stratified national probability sample of more than 6400 private, nonagricultural US worksites with 50 or more full-time employees was contacted with a computer-assisted telephone interviewing protocol. More than 3200 worksites responded and were eligible, with a response rate of 90%.
Approximately 33% of all private, nonagricultural worksites with 50 or more full-time employees currently offer EAP services to their employees, an 8.9% increase over 1985. These programs are more likely to be found in larger worksites and in the communications/utilities/transportation industries. The most popular model is an external provider, and the median annual cost per eligible employee for internal and external programs was $21.83 and $18.09, respectively.
EAPs are becoming a more prevalent point of access to health care for workers with personal problems such as substance abuse, family problems, or emotional distress.
员工援助计划（EAPs）是基于工作的项目，旨在识别并帮助遇到问题的员工。本研究按工作场所规模、行业和人口普查区域确定了美国这些项目的普及率、成本及特点。
采用计算机辅助电话访谈方案，联系了美国6400多个拥有50名或更多全职员工的私营非农业工作场所的分层全国概率样本。超过3200个工作场所做出回应并符合条件，回复率为90%。
目前，约33%拥有50名或更多全职员工的私营非农业工作场所为其员工提供EAP服务，比1985年增长了8.9%。这些项目在较大的工作场所以及通信/公用事业/运输行业中更常见。最受欢迎的模式是外部供应商，内部和外部项目中每位符合条件员工的年度成本中位数分别为21.83美元和18.09美元。
对于有药物滥用、家庭问题或情绪困扰等个人问题的员工而言，员工援助计划正成为越来越普遍的医疗保健接入点。
