Macht M
Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology, Julius-Maximilians-University, Würzburg, Germany.
Appetite. 1996 Feb;26(1):71-88. doi: 10.1006/appe.1996.0006.
The effects of a reduced energy content of two meals on hunger motivation, physiological variables and reactions to emotional stress were investigated. Healthy normal-weight male students received breakfast and lunch in the laboratory. Half of the subjects (n = 28) received meals with normal energy content (1700 kcal), and half received meals with reduced energy content (260 kcal). Psychological and physiological variables were obtained for 8 h from morning to afternoon, including during a period of emotional stress in the afternoon. Psychophysical state was altered by the reduction of energy in food (e.g. increased subjective motivation to eat, decreased systolic blood pressure). Noise decrease feelings of relaxation in subjects who had received low-energy meals, but not in subjects who had received high-energy meals. This enhanced emotional reactivity after low-energy intake is interpreted as a biologically meaningful consequence of the heightened hunger motivation. Furthermore, subjective hunger motivation was potentiated by stress when energy intake in the preceding hours was low. The latter result may be due to increased emotional reactions and/or an augmentation of deprivation-induced physiological changes by noise-induced emotional stress.
研究了两餐能量减少对饥饿动机、生理变量以及情绪应激反应的影响。健康的正常体重男学生在实验室接受早餐和午餐。一半受试者（n = 28）接受能量正常的餐食（1700千卡），另一半接受能量减少的餐食（260千卡）。从上午到下午8小时内获取心理和生理变量，包括下午情绪应激期间。食物能量减少改变了心理生理状态（例如增加主观进食动机，降低收缩压）。噪音使接受低能量餐食的受试者的放松感增强，但接受高能量餐食的受试者则不然。低能量摄入后这种增强的情绪反应性被解释为饥饿动机增强的生物学意义上的结果。此外，当之前几小时能量摄入较低时，应激会增强主观饥饿动机。后一结果可能是由于情绪反应增加和/或噪音引起的情绪应激增强了剥夺诱导的生理变化。
