Shchevchenko V V
Aviakosm Ekolog Med. 1995;29(5):46-51.
This paper presents the results of evaluation of the biological effect induced by cosmic rays in embryo tissues of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds exposed in Biocosmos-9 (BION-9). The experiment was carried out in cooperation with the Botanical Institute and the Institute of nuclear Physics of J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany using the Biostack system. The data ere obtained in Moscow 4 months and 3 years after the flight. It was shown that in Arabidopsis seeds exposed outside BION-9 the effect evaluated by all the biological criteria used was higher than in seeds exposed inside BION-9. In some characters the effect in the latter did not differ from that in control seeds but in others (black spots, tumors, mutations) it was higher. In tetraploid line the per cent of plants with tumors was higher than in diploid line. The differences observed can be explained by the fact that the total dose of irradiation and the flow of heavy ions were significantly higher outside than inside BION-9. The data obtained cooperatively with German colleagues showed that the seeds hit by heavy ion could not practically develop in the normal way. It was noted that after prolonged storage of seeds after the flight the biological effect in control seeds and in seeds exposed inside BION-9 did not change, and increased in seeds exposed outside BION-9.
本文介绍了对暴露于生物宇宙-9（BION-9）中的拟南芥种子胚胎组织中宇宙射线诱导的生物学效应的评估结果。该实验是与德国美因河畔法兰克福的J.W.歌德大学植物研究所和核物理研究所合作，使用生物堆系统进行的。数据是在飞行后4个月和3年于莫斯科获得的。结果表明，在BION-9外部暴露的拟南芥种子中，所使用的所有生物学标准评估的效应均高于在BION-9内部暴露的种子。在某些特征方面，后者的效应与对照种子无差异，但在其他方面（黑点、肿瘤、突变）则更高。在四倍体系中，有肿瘤的植株百分比高于二倍体系。观察到的差异可以解释为，BION-9外部的总辐照剂量和重离子通量明显高于内部。与德国同事合作获得的数据表明，被重离子击中的种子实际上无法正常发育。值得注意的是，飞行后种子长期储存后，对照种子和在BION-9内部暴露的种子的生物学效应没有变化，而在BION-9外部暴露的种子中效应增加。
