White P A, Rasmussen J B
Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Environ Mol Mutagen. 1996;27(4):270-305. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(1996)27:4<270::AID-EM4>3.0.CO;2-H.
Environmental monitoring requires that large numbers of samples be processed in a relatively short period of time. While microbioassays facilitate rapid testing, the results are often difficult to interpret in the broader context of human or animal health. Determining the consequences of exposure to genotoxic substances will ultimately require in situ monitoring of exposed organisms. However, it is immediately possible to construct a broad empirical framework within which available microbioassay results can be interpreted. To do this for SOS Chromotest results, we investigated the empirical relationships between SOS genotoxic potency and mutagenic potency (as measured with the Salmonella/microsome assay), as well as between genotoxic potency and carcinogenic potency (as measured using standard, chronic animal bioassays). Strong relationships were identified between; 1) genotoxic potency and mutagenic potency for 268 direct-acting substances (r2=0.76) and 2) genotoxic potency and mutagenic potency for 126 S9-activated substances (r2=0.65). Ordinary least squares regression analyses of the SOS genotoxicity-Salmonella mutagenicity relationship revealed a significant effect of SOS genotoxicity as well as differences in mutagenic potency that can be attributed to the Salmonella strain used to measure mutagenic potency. Analyses of S9-activated substances revealed a significant interaction between the SOS genotoxic potency (SOSIP) effect and the Salmonella strain effect. Two regression models relating SOS genotoxicity and Salmonella mutagenicity were used to predict the mutagenic potency of several industrial effluent extracts previously analyzed for SOS genotoxicity by White et al. [(1996): Environ Mol Mutagen 27:116-139]. Predictions are consistent with published mutagenic potency values for similar industrial waste materials. A consistent relationship was also identified between genotoxic potency and carcinogenic potency for 51 substances. Linear regression analyses revealed an effect of SOS genotoxic potency as well as differences in carcinogenic potency that may be attributable to experimental animal and route of exposure. The correlation between genotoxicity and carcinogenicity was fairly weak (maximum r value = 0.51). Previous studies revealed similar strength of association between Ames mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Predicted carcinogenic potencies of previously examined genotoxic, industrial effluent extracts are generally low compared to the pure substances included in the data set.
环境监测要求在相对较短的时间内处理大量样本。虽然微生物检测有助于快速检测，但在人类或动物健康的更广泛背景下，结果往往难以解释。确定接触遗传毒性物质的后果最终需要对受暴露生物进行原位监测。然而，立即构建一个广泛的经验框架来解释现有的微生物检测结果是可行的。为了对SOS色测试结果进行此操作，我们研究了SOS遗传毒性效力与致突变效力（用沙门氏菌/微粒体试验测量）之间的经验关系，以及遗传毒性效力与致癌效力（用标准慢性动物生物测定法测量）之间的经验关系。在以下方面发现了强相关性：1）268种直接作用物质的遗传毒性效力与致突变效力（r2 = 0.76）；2）126种S9激活物质的遗传毒性效力与致突变效力（r2 = 0.65）。对SOS遗传毒性-沙门氏菌致突变性之间关系的普通最小二乘回归分析表明，SOS遗传毒性有显著影响，并且致突变效力的差异可归因于用于测量致突变效力的沙门氏菌菌株。对S9激活物质的分析揭示了SOS遗传毒性效力（SOSIP）效应与沙门氏菌菌株效应之间的显著相互作用。使用两个将SOS遗传毒性与沙门氏菌致突变性相关联的回归模型来预测几种工业废水提取物的致突变效力，White等人之前已对这些提取物进行了SOS遗传毒性分析[（1996年）：《环境分子突变》27：116 - 139]。预测结果与类似工业废料已公布的致突变效力值一致。还确定了51种物质的遗传毒性效力与致癌效力之间的一致关系。线性回归分析表明，SOS遗传毒性效力有影响，并且致癌效力的差异可能归因于实验动物和暴露途径。遗传毒性与致癌性之间的相关性相当弱（最大r值 = 0.51）。先前的研究表明，艾姆斯致突变性与致癌性之间的关联强度相似。与数据集中包含的纯物质相比，先前检测的遗传毒性工业废水提取物的预测致癌效力通常较低。
