Kocan K M, Blouin E F, Palmer G H, Eriks I S, Edwards W L, Claypool P L
Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, 74078, USA.
Exp Appl Acarol. 1996 Jun;20(6):297-311. doi: 10.1007/BF00052960.
The effect of Anaplasma marginale antibodies ingested with the tick blood meal was tested on infected male ticks that were allowed to feed on cattle immunized with the erythrocytic stage of A. marginale. The experiments were done in two trials. Trial 1 was done using splenectomized calves (two calves per treated and control groups) while ticks in trial 2 were fed on intact yearling cattle (four cattle per treated and control groups). The cattle were immunized with purified outer membrane proteins of erythrocyte-derived A. marginale using saponin (trial 1) or monophosphoryl lipid-A-trehalose dicorynomycolate adjuvant (trial 2). The corresponding control cattle received adjuvant only. All cattle were challenged using Dermacentor andersoni males infected as adults that were allowed to feed for 7 days. In trial 1, the ticks were allowed to feed a second time on susceptible calves to test whether exposure of ticks to immunized cattle affected their ability to transmit anaplasmosis. Infections in fed ticks were monitored by determining the infection rates in salivary glands with an A. marginale-specific RNA probe and light microscopy. Vaccine-derived antibodies ingested with the tick blood meal did not appear to affect the development of A. marginale in previously infected ticks. The infection rates in the salivary glands were not significantly different among ticks fed on immunized versus adjuvant control cattle. When the vaccine-exposed ticks in trial 1 were allowed to feed a second time on susceptible calves, the resulting clinical symptoms of anaplasmosis were similar to those of the controls. There was no statistically significant effect of tick exposure to the anti-erythrocytic stage antibody on the development of salivary gland infection or transmission of A. marginale by ticks.
对通过蜱虫血餐摄入边缘无形体抗体的效果进行了测试，受试对象为受感染的雄性蜱虫，这些蜱虫被允许吸食用边缘无形体红细胞阶段免疫的牛的血液。实验分两次进行。实验1使用脾切除的小牛（每个处理组和对照组各两头小牛），而实验2中的蜱虫吸食完整一岁牛的血液（每个处理组和对照组各四头牛）。使用皂苷（实验1）或单磷酰脂质A - 海藻糖二分支菌酸佐剂（实验2），用红细胞衍生的边缘无形体纯化外膜蛋白对牛进行免疫。相应的对照牛只接受佐剂。所有牛均用成年后感染的安德森革蜱雄性蜱虫进行攻击，让其吸食7天。在实验1中，让蜱虫再次吸食易感小牛的血液，以测试蜱虫接触免疫牛是否会影响其传播无形体病的能力。通过用边缘无形体特异性RNA探针和光学显微镜测定唾液腺中的感染率，监测吸食后蜱虫的感染情况。通过蜱虫血餐摄入的疫苗衍生抗体似乎并未影响先前感染蜱虫中边缘无形体的发育。吸食免疫牛与佐剂对照牛血液的蜱虫唾液腺感染率无显著差异。当实验1中接触疫苗的蜱虫再次吸食易感小牛的血液时，由此产生的无形体病临床症状与对照组相似。蜱虫接触抗红细胞阶段抗体对唾液腺感染的发展或蜱虫传播边缘无形体没有统计学上的显著影响。
