Hailu A, Berhe N, Yeneneh H
Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
Ethiop Med J. 1996 Jan;34(1):33-42.
Active case finding, leishmanin skin test and serological surveys of visceral leishmaniasis were carried in selected localities in Gambela, Western Ethiopia, through the years 1989-1993. Active case detection surveys were made among 1456 Sudanese refugees, 646 Ethiopian Nuers and Anuaks, 651 resettlers at Baro-Abol and 165 patients from health centres in Itang. Fugnido and Kermi and Gambela hospital. Leishmanin skin test and sero-epidemiological studies were also conducted. A total of seven cases of visceral leishmaniasis were detected among refugees and none among resettlers, natives or 156 patients attending health centres and a hospital in Gambela. Positive leishmanin rates varied from 34.4% among refugees to 7.6% and 1.7% among Ethiopian Nuers and Anuaks and resettlers, respectively. Seroprevalence rates were also determined to be 18.1%, 7.3% and 8.1% respectively for the above order of study populations. Results are discussed in view of the currently ongoing leishmaniasis epidemic in the Upper Nile Province of the Sudan. The study emphasizes on the potential risk of imported visceral leishmaniasis being established in Western Ethiopia, where the disease is not known to be endemic until now.
1989年至1993年期间，在埃塞俄比亚西部甘贝拉的选定地点开展了内脏利什曼病的主动病例发现、利什曼原虫皮肤试验和血清学调查。对1456名苏丹难民、646名埃塞俄比亚努尔人和阿努阿克人、651名在巴罗-阿博尔的重新安置者以及伊唐、富尼多、凯尔米和甘贝拉医院保健中心的165名患者进行了主动病例检测调查。还进行了利什曼原虫皮肤试验和血清流行病学研究。在难民中总共检测出7例内脏利什曼病，在重新安置者、当地人或甘贝拉保健中心和一家医院的156名患者中未检测到病例。利什曼原虫阳性率从难民中的34.4%到埃塞俄比亚努尔人和阿努阿克人以及重新安置者中的7.6%和1.7%不等。上述研究人群的血清阳性率也分别确定为18.1%、7.3%和8.1%。结合苏丹上尼罗省目前正在流行的利什曼病对结果进行了讨论。该研究强调了在埃塞俄比亚西部输入性内脏利什曼病得以传播的潜在风险，到目前为止该疾病在当地尚未被认为是地方病。
