Hailu A, Berhe N, Sisay Z, Abraham I, Medhin G
Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Abeba University, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.
Ethiop Med J. 1996 Jan;34(1):11-23.
Sero-epidemiological and leishmanin skin test surveys of visceral leishmaniasis were carried out in eight localities of South and Southwest Ethiopia between the July 1989 and June 1992. A total number of 4870 subjects comprising semi-pastoral nomads, peasants and farm labourers were included in the study. Areas of high and low leishmanin skin test positivity were identified, with rates varying from 1.0-80.5%. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine prevalence of antileishmanial antibodies. The rates varied from 1.8% to 27.8%. Age and sex related serological and leishmanin skin test profiles are described. Correlation analysis of serological and leishmanin skin test was made for data in each locality. The relationships between seroprevalence, leishmanin skin test rates and prevalence of active visceral leishmaniasis and the implications on degrees of endemicity and patterns of transmission are discussed.
1989年7月至1992年6月期间，在埃塞俄比亚南部和西南部的八个地区开展了内脏利什曼病的血清流行病学和利什曼原虫皮肤试验调查。该研究共纳入了4870名受试者，包括半游牧牧民、农民和农场工人。确定了利什曼原虫皮肤试验阳性率高和低的地区，其阳性率在1.0%至80.5%之间。采用酶联免疫吸附测定法来确定抗利什曼原虫抗体的流行率。该流行率在1.8%至27.8%之间。描述了与年龄和性别相关的血清学和利什曼原虫皮肤试验情况。对每个地区的数据进行了血清学和利什曼原虫皮肤试验的相关性分析。讨论了血清流行率、利什曼原虫皮肤试验率与活动性内脏利什曼病流行率之间的关系，以及对地方病程度和传播模式的影响。
