McMaster P, McMaster H J, Southall D P
Child Advocacy International, Academic Department of Paediatrics, University of Keele, Stoke-on-Trent, England.
J R Soc Med. 1996 Apr;89(4):202-4. doi: 10.1177/014107689608900408.
Personal child health records, held by the parents, have potential advantages in times of civil disorder. Via health and community workers, 939 booklets (incorporating health records and health advice) were distributed to displaced and other families near Tuzla. Subsequently mothers were invited to bring their children for examination. Five hundred and seventy-one children with their booklets returned to the clinics. The survey revealed high rates of dental caries (305 cases), anaemia (36), and scabies (20). The war had not affected the duration of breast feeding, and the children's nutrition was generally satisfactory. Immunization status was generally good, though rates were unacceptably low in children from certain areas, reflecting not only deficient provision in their place of origin but also failings in the programme for displaced persons. An informal survey indicated that parents and older children appreciated the health-information content of the booklet. In a disaster of this sort, the personal child health record and advice booklet serves the combined purpose of yielding essential epidemiological data, providing a permanent health record, and meeting a need for health education material.
由父母保存的个人儿童健康记录在社会动荡时期具有潜在优势。通过卫生和社区工作者，向图兹拉附近的流离失所家庭和其他家庭分发了939本手册（包含健康记录和健康建议）。随后邀请母亲们带孩子前来检查。571名带着手册的儿童返回诊所。调查发现龋齿发病率很高（305例）、贫血（36例）和疥疮（20例）。战争并未影响母乳喂养的时长，儿童的营养状况总体令人满意。免疫接种状况总体良好，不过某些地区儿童的接种率低得令人无法接受，这不仅反映出其原籍地的供应不足，也反映出流离失所者计划存在缺陷。一项非正式调查表明，家长和年龄较大的儿童对手册中的健康信息内容表示赞赏。在这类灾难中，个人儿童健康记录和建议手册具有多重作用，既能提供重要的流行病学数据，又能提供永久性健康记录，还能满足对健康教育材料的需求。
