Varley J E, Maxwell G D
Department of Anatomy, University of Connecticut Health Center, Connecticut 06030-3405, USA.
Exp Neurol. 1996 Jul;140(1):84-94. doi: 10.1006/exnr.1996.0118.
The bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the TGF beta superfamily of growth factors. We have investigated the effects of BMP-2, BMP-4, and BMP-6 on the development of quail trunk neural crest cells in tissue culture. The presence of human recombinant BMP-2 or BMP-4 resulted in a dramatic increase in the number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunoreactive cells which developed after 7 days in vitro. In contrast, BMP-6 showed little or no effect. Total cell number was not altered significantly by BMP-2, BMP-4, or BMP-6. However, in the presence of BMP-2 and BMP-4, but not BMP-6, the fraction of the cell population that became melanocytes was reduced to about two-thirds the control value. Addition of BMP-2 and BMP-4 also increased the number of Islet-1-immunoreactive and Hu-immunoreactive cells, but the magnitude of these increases was less than that observed for the TH-immunoreactive cell population. The Islet-1-immunoreactive cells were a subset of the TH-immunoreactive cells, while the Hu-positive cells were distinct from the TH-immunoreactive population. Analysis using bromodeoxyuridine labeling indicated that the increased numbers of TH-immunoreactive cells observed in the presence of BMP-2 and BMP-4 were not due to an increased rate of cell division in committed TH precursors. Further experiments, in which cultures were initiated from single cells, showed that the presence of BMP-2 resulted in colonies containing numerous catecholamine-positive cells without altering the overall number of colonies which survived and developed. In summary, our findings indicate that BMP-2 and BMP-4 are potent regulators of the adrenergic development of avian trunk neural crest cells.
骨形态发生蛋白（BMPs）是转化生长因子β超家族生长因子的成员。我们研究了BMP - 2、BMP - 4和BMP - 6对组织培养中鹌鹑躯干神经嵴细胞发育的影响。人重组BMP - 2或BMP - 4的存在导致体外培养7天后酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）免疫反应性细胞数量显著增加。相比之下，BMP - 6几乎没有影响。BMP - 2、BMP - 4或BMP - 6对总细胞数没有显著改变。然而，在BMP - 2和BMP - 4存在的情况下，而非BMP - 6，形成黑素细胞的细胞群体比例降至对照值的约三分之二。添加BMP - 2和BMP - 4也增加了胰岛 - 1免疫反应性细胞和Hu免疫反应性细胞的数量，但这些增加的幅度小于TH免疫反应性细胞群体的增加幅度。胰岛 - 1免疫反应性细胞是TH免疫反应性细胞的一个子集，而Hu阳性细胞与TH免疫反应性群体不同。使用溴脱氧尿苷标记的分析表明，在BMP - 2和BMP - 4存在下观察到的TH免疫反应性细胞数量增加并非由于已分化的TH前体细胞的细胞分裂速率增加。进一步的实验，即从单细胞开始培养，表明BMP - 2的存在导致含有大量儿茶酚胺阳性细胞的集落形成，而不改变存活和发育的集落总数。总之，我们的研究结果表明，BMP - 2和BMP - 4是禽类躯干神经嵴细胞肾上腺素能发育的有效调节因子。
