Nusholtz G S, Wylie E B, Glascoe L G
Chrysler Motor Corporation, Auburn Hills, Michigan, USA.
J Neurotrauma. 1995 Aug;12(4):707-14. doi: 10.1089/neu.1995.12.707.
A two-dimensional computational model is used to evaluate the potential for cavitation to occur inside the brain material during head impact. The model represents a simple water-filled 14-cm-diameter, 5-cm-deep cylinder. For the purpose of our study, this cylinder represents the skull while the water inside the cylinder represents the brain material. To ensure that the stress predicted by the model is realistic, it has been calibrated against experimental data. When the cylinder is struck by a free-flying mass cavitation is initiated at the boundary opposite impact. Significant vaporous regions may develop at the boundary, while only limited vaporization occurs internally. Higher accelerations, or an additional loading of the domain by a constant acceleration perpendicular to impact, adds to the likelihood and to the severity of internal cavitation. This indicates that preexisting conditions or complex loading conditions of the head during an impact event may affect the cavitation response. Such conditions could be the result of angular velocity, angular accelerations, or head accelerations as a result of neck loading.
一个二维计算模型用于评估头部撞击过程中脑实质内发生空化的可能性。该模型表示一个直径14厘米、深5厘米的简单充水圆柱体。为了我们的研究目的，这个圆柱体代表颅骨，而圆柱体内的水代表脑实质。为确保模型预测的应力真实，已根据实验数据进行校准。当圆柱体被自由飞行的物体撞击时，在撞击对面的边界处会引发空化。边界处可能会形成显著的蒸汽区域，而内部仅发生有限的汽化。更高的加速度，或者通过垂直于撞击方向的恒定加速度对区域进行额外加载，会增加内部空化的可能性和严重程度。这表明撞击事件期间头部的现有状况或复杂加载条件可能会影响空化响应。这些状况可能是由角速度、角加速度或颈部加载导致的头部加速度造成的。
