Christmann D, Staub-Schmidt T
Unité des Maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpitaux Universitaires, Strasbourg.
Presse Med. 1996;25(8):420-3.
The tick-borne encephalitis virus, a major arbovirus, is endemic in Central and Eastern Europe. Since the first case of tick-borne encephalitis observed in Alsace in 1968, there have been approximately 30 cases reported in eastern France. The tick Ixodes persulcatus (and the western subtype I. ricinus) is both the main reservoir and vector of the disease. Early clinical signs of infection are followed by a second phase complicated with meningoencephalitis. The geographical distribution of the different viral subtypes would explain the variable severity of tick-borne encephalitis. Outcome may be fatal or leave major neurological sequellae. Currently, only symptomatic treatment is available, underlining the importance of prevention with anti-tick-borne virus vaccine for populations at risk living in endemic areas.
蜱传脑炎病毒是一种主要的虫媒病毒，在中欧和东欧地区流行。自1968年在阿尔萨斯首次发现蜱传脑炎病例以来，法国东部已报告约30例病例。全沟硬蜱（以及西方亚型蓖麻硬蜱）既是该病的主要宿主，也是传播媒介。感染的早期临床症状之后是第二阶段，并发脑膜脑炎。不同病毒亚型的地理分布可以解释蜱传脑炎严重程度的差异。其后果可能是致命的，或留下严重的神经后遗症。目前，仅能进行对症治疗，这凸显了为生活在流行地区的高危人群接种抗蜱传病毒疫苗进行预防的重要性。
