Vernazza P L, Eron J J, Fiscus S A
Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA.
J Virol Methods. 1996 Jan;56(1):33-40. doi: 10.1016/0166-0934(95)01899-9.
The aim of the study was to develop a sensitive culture method for the detection of HIV in semen. Antimicrobials were evaluated to suppress bacterial and fungal contamination of HIV cultures. Toxicity of seminal plasma was reduced using a short incubation of seminal fluid with culture cells. The detection rate was determined by adding known amounts of diluted primary virus isolates to uninfected cells. The sensitivity of the method was determined in a cohort of 33 HIV seropositive men. The use of a virus transport medium with high doses of antibiotics reduced contamination of HIV cultures. Toxicity of seminal plasma on culture cells was limited when seminal fluid was incubated with culture cells for only 90 min. Detection levels for cell-associated virus and cell-free virus from semen were 12 infected cells per ejaculate and 100 infectious units per milliliter of seminal fluid, respectively. Cell-associated HIV could be recovered from 18 semen samples of 33 HIV positive men (55%). Recovery of cell-free virus from seminal fluid was infrequent. It is concluded that the method is highly sensitive for the detection of HIV from semen. However, the recovery rate of infectious cell-free virus in seminal fluid from clinical samples is infrequent.
该研究的目的是开发一种用于检测精液中HIV的灵敏培养方法。对抗菌药物进行了评估，以抑制HIV培养物中的细菌和真菌污染。通过使精液与培养细胞短时间孵育来降低精浆的毒性。通过向未感染细胞中加入已知量的稀释原代病毒分离株来确定检测率。在一组33名HIV血清阳性男性中确定了该方法的灵敏度。使用含有高剂量抗生素的病毒运输培养基可减少HIV培养物的污染。当精液与培养细胞仅孵育90分钟时，精浆对培养细胞的毒性有限。精液中细胞相关病毒和游离病毒的检测水平分别为每次射精12个感染细胞和每毫升精液100个感染单位。在33名HIV阳性男性的18份精液样本中可检测到细胞相关HIV（55%）。从精液中回收游离病毒的情况很少见。结论是该方法对检测精液中的HIV高度灵敏。然而，临床样本精液中感染性游离病毒的回收率很低。
