Yamamoto-Kimura L, Zamora-González J, Huerta-Alvarado S, Fajardo-Gutiérrez A, Cardoso-Saldaña G, Posadas-Romero C
Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
Arch Med Res. 1996 Summer;27(2):213-22.
The present report is a description of the characteristics of a studied population and of the methodology used in a study performed to investigate high blood pressure prevalence and cardiovascular risk factors among the adult population of Mexico City. A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1991 to March 1992. Random samplings of multiple stages was used and 825 adult subjects were studied in Mexico City. The following measurements were registered: blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoproteins (HDL-C) and low density lipoproteins (LDL-C), lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)), glucose and insulin. Personal and family history of cardiovascular illness were investigated, as well as exposure to some risk factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption and sedentarism. The response rate was 86.6%. The prevalence of high blood pressure was 21.1%, and of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus was 8.7%. Frequency of dyslipidemia in the studied sample was 24.4% for high TG, 23.6% for low HDL-C, 23.6% for high LDL-C, 14.9% for Lp(a) excess (Lp(a) > or = 30 mg/dl; overweight and obesity were more prevalent among women. The diversity of living conditions among the population of Mexico City was included in the sampling strategy design, not only to register the high blood pressure (HBP) frequency in each stratum but to identify other cardiovascular risk factors which could be decisive in the development of HBP. Regarding the features of the studied population, BMI did not reveal differences among men, but their TG levels were higher and HDL levels lower than those of other populations. In women, the results obtained for BMI, WHR, lipids and lipoproteins were also higher compared with the mean reported for other populations.
本报告描述了所研究人群的特征以及为调查墨西哥城成年人群高血压患病率和心血管危险因素而开展的一项研究中所使用的方法。该研究为横断面研究，于1991年1月至1992年3月进行。采用多阶段随机抽样，在墨西哥城对825名成年受试者进行了研究。记录了以下测量数据：血压、体重指数（BMI）、腰臀比（WHR）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）、脂蛋白（a）（Lp(a)）、血糖和胰岛素。调查了心血管疾病的个人和家族史，以及吸烟、饮酒和久坐等一些危险因素的暴露情况。应答率为86.6%。高血压患病率为21.1%，非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患病率为8.7%。在所研究样本中，血脂异常的发生率为：高TG为24.4%，低HDL-C为23.6%，高LDL-C为23.6%，Lp(a)升高（Lp(a)≥30mg/dl）为14.9%；超重和肥胖在女性中更为普遍。墨西哥城人群生活条件的多样性被纳入抽样策略设计中，不仅是为了记录每个阶层的高血压（HBP）频率，还为了识别其他可能对HBP发展起决定性作用的心血管危险因素。关于所研究人群的特征，BMI在男性中未显示出差异，但他们的TG水平较高，HDL水平低于其他人群。在女性中，BMI、WHR、血脂和脂蛋白的结果也高于其他人群报告的均值。
