The TATA box binding protein.

The TATA box binding protein is required by all three eukaryotic RNA polymerases to correctly initiate the transcription of ribosomal, messenger, small nuclear and transfer RNAs. Since the first gene encoding a TATA box binding protein was cloned from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it has been the object of considerable biochemical and genetic study. Substantial progress has recently been made on structural and mechanistic studies of the protein. Three-dimensional structures newly elucidated include two TATA box binding proteins alone and bound to distinct TATA elements, and the ternary complex of transcription factor IIB recognizing a TATA box binding protein bound to a TATA element.